Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40136938›Full record

ArticleBiosensors2025

On the Feasibility of SERS-Based Monitoring of Drug Loading Efficiency in Exosomes for Targeted Delivery.

Jun Liu, Siddharth Srivastava, Tieyi Li, Faycal Moujane, John Y Lee, Yiqing Chen, Huinan Liu, Sophie X Deng, Ya-Hong Xie

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biosensors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jun LiuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9670-1033
Siddharth SrivastavaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Tieyi LiDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Faycal MoujaneCornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
John Y LeeCornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Yiqing ChenDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Huinan LiuDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9366-6204
Sophie X DengCornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Ya-Hong XieDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0971-4280

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cancer, a significant cause of mortality, necessitates improved drug delivery strategies. Exosomes, as natural drug carriers, offer a more efficient, targeted, and less toxic drug delivery system compared to direct dispersal methods via ingestion or injection. To be successfully implemented as drug carriers, efficient loading of drugs into exosomes is crucial, and a deeper understanding of the loading mechanism remains to be solved. This study introduces surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to monitor drug loading efficacy at the single vesicle level. By enhancing the Raman signal, SERS overcomes limitations in Raman spectroscopy. A gold nanopyramids array-based SERS substrate assesses exosome heterogeneity in drug-loading capabilities with the help of single-layer graphene for precise quantification. This research advances targeted drug delivery by presenting a more efficient method of evaluating drug-loading efficiency into individual exosomes through SERS-based monitoring. Furthermore, the study explores leveraging osmotic pressure variations, enhancing the efficiency of drug loading into exosomes.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsExosomesSpectrum Analysis, RamanDrug CarriersGoldGraphiteHumansMetal NanoparticlesDrug CarriersGoldGraphitedrug loading quantificationexosomesosmotic pressure controlsingle vesicle analysissurface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)

Identifiers

PMID40136938
PMCPMC11939968

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.