ReviewCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2025
Breast Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment: The Crucial Role of Immune Cells.
Review in Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- ERO1α as a Potential Drug Target for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Curcumin Attenuates Breast Cancer Cell-induced Inflammasome Activation via the NOD-like receptor protein 3/Caspase-1/Interleukin-1β Axis.Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Recurrence in Triple-Positive Breast Cancer (ER+/PR+/HER2+) and Potential Repurposing of Multi-Target Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Macrophage Plasticity: Phenotypic and Functional Profiles Across Pathological Microenvironments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immunohistochemical characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment in laryngeal premalignancy: insights into early immune alterations in carcinogenesis.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Special Issue "Breast Cancer: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapies".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- HSP70-targeting TKD-functionalized smart micelles for membrane-guided precision breast cancer therapy: a review.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- C-MPL signaling in breast cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Can DNA Methylation in Peritumoral and Contralateral Breast Tissue Predict Recurrence or Second Breast Cancers?Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Mapping the Intratumoral and Peritumoral Microenvironment: Multilayered Shell ADC Analysis and Its Association with Multiparametric Biomarkers in Invasive Breast Cancer.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2026Article
- Subtype-Stratified Consensus Gene Signatures: Bridging Tumor Cell Biology, Immune Microenvironment, and Clinical Prognosis in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Coordinated DNA methyltransferase 3A and methyltransferase-like 7A activity reprograms the tumor microenvironment through discoidin domain receptor 1 signaling.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Article
- MiR-200c restoration inhibits FOXP3 and metastatic spread in breast cancer: evidence from in vitro and in vivo models.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- The Immunoregulatory Roles of ERα in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Crosstalk, and Therapeutic Insights.Journal of cancer prevention · 2026Review
- Tumor-Associated Neutrophils and Desmoplastic Reaction in the Breast Cancer Tumor Microenvironment: A Comprehensive Review.Cancers · 2026Review
- Article
- Exercise-responsive microRNA networks and extracellular vesicle-mediated microRNA signaling in breast cancer: linking tumor signaling, systemic crosstalk, and clinical relevance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Advances in intratumoral immunotherapy from a neuro-immune-endocrine perspective for breast cancer treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Cell competition within breast tumor microenvironment: emerging role of cancer stem cells and immune cells in tumor progression and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and the second leading cause of death by cancer. Despite recent advances, the mortality rate remains high, underlining the need to develop new therapeutic approaches. The complex interaction between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial in determining tumor progression, therapy response, and patient prognosis. Understanding the role of immune cells in carcinogenesis and tumor progression can help improve targeted therapeutic options, increasing the likelihood of a favorable prognosis. Therefore, this review aims to critically analyze the complex interaction between tumor cells and immune cells, emphasizing the clinical and therapeutic implications. Additionally, we explore advances in immunotherapies, with a focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.