Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40135860›Full record

ArticleJournal of microbiology & biology education2025

Enhancing student understanding of genetic cloning through a 3D-printed active learning activity and flipped classroom curriculum.

Katriana A Popichak, Kathryn Krupinsky, Delaney Worthington, Samuel Fredricks, Leila Takahashi-Ruiz, Mary Howerton, Marcela Henao-Tamayo, Erica L Suchman, Jennifer L McLean

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of microbiology & biology education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. AJournal of microbiology & biology education · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Katriana A PopichakThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5797-893X
Kathryn KrupinskyThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Delaney WorthingtonThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Samuel FredricksThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Leila Takahashi-RuizThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Mary HowertonThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Marcela Henao-TamayoThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Erica L SuchmanThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Jennifer L McLeanThe Program for Research in Immunology and Microbiology Education (PRIME), Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This classroom curriculum is designed to teach the topic of cloning in both small- and large-enrollment undergraduate general microbiology courses. Students often struggle to grasp and visualize genetic engineering or cloning, in which a piece of DNA is put into a plasmid so that a bacterium may be transformed to produce large quantities of genetic material. Here, we incorporate a hands-on activity featuring 3D-printed models of DNA plasmids and gene inserts within a scaffolded cloning curriculum, designed to enhance student learning and engagement. As students physically manipulate 3D-printed models, with periodic guidance from the instructor, students may refine their scientific thinking about cloning after engaging in lecture-based materials. Uniquely, this activity may also be utilized as a flipped classroom activity to recapitulate a recorded lecture viewed beforehand. The hands-on activity changes the dynamic of a passive learning experience to one that is more active and beneficial for both the student and instructor. Here, we demonstrate that as this scaffolded curriculum builds, so does student understanding and performance.

Indexed as

3D-printedactive learningflipped class activitygenetic engineeringphysical manipulationplasmidstudent engagementundergraduate learning assistants (ULAs)

Identifiers

PMID40135860
PMCPMC12020791

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.