ArticleNeuro-oncology advances
Phase 1 trial of hypofractionated stereotactic re-irradiation in combination with nivolumab, ipilimumab, and bevacizumab for recurrent high-grade gliomas.
Article in Neuro-oncology advances. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Next-generation immunotherapy biologics for glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Reirradiation of recurrent glioblastoma: Results from a single-center retrospective cohort study.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy for glioblastoma: recent advances and challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Our previous clinical investigation suggested that hypofractionated stereotactic re-irradiation (HFSRT) and PD-1 blockade may act synergistically to enhance the immune response against glioma. This subsequent trial investigated the dual blockade of CTLA4 and PD-1 in combination with HFSRT and bevacizumab. Methods: This phase I study enrolled eligible patients with bevacizumab-naïve recurrent glioblastoma or anaplastic astrocytoma. Participants received nivolumab, ipilimumab, and bevacizumab concurrently with HFSRT (3000 cGy in 5 fractions). Subsequently, nivolumab, ipilimumab, and bevacizumab were administered for a total of 4 cycles followed by nivolumab and bevacizumab until progression. The primary end point of this study was the safety and tolerability of HFSRT in combination with nivolumab, ipilimumab, and bevacizumab in patients with recurrent HGGs. Secondary end points included 6-month survival and 9-month survival. Results: Twenty-six patients were treated. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of grade 3 or 4 were observed in 12 (48%) evaluable patients with no unexpected TRAEs. Six months and 9 months survival were 92% (95% CI, 82-100%) and 75% (95% CI, 60-95%), respectively. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 7.1 months (95% CI, 5.2-12.2) and 15.6 months (95% CI, 11.3-27.0), respectively. Conclusions: The combination of HFSRT with ipilimumab, nivolumab, and bevacizumab is safe. Our results underscore the potential synergies between stereotactic re-irradiation and checkpoint immunotherapy in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.