ArticleGeoHealth2025
A Geospatial Perspective Toward the Role of Wild Bird Migrations and Global Poultry Trade in the Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1.
Article in GeoHealth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantitative risk assessment of avian influenza: A scoping review.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal distribution trends and driving factors of avian influenza in poultry in China.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Surveillance and cross-species transmission assessment of H3NX avian influenza viruses isolated in Guangdong province, China from 2023 to 2025.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Targeting Zoonotic Spillover Drivers for Global Pandemic Prevention: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- An overview of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and its emerging threat in mainland Australia: Identified knowledge gaps.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Zoonoethics and Inclusive One Health Governance for H5N1 Panzootic: From Animal Culling to Co-responsibility.Public health ethics · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Geospatial Risk Modeling of Global Avian Influenza Outbreaks.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Pan-continental spillover risk: integrated spatiotemporal, transmissibility and surveillance analysis of avian influenza a(H5N1) in Africa.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Transboundary Spread and Ecological Drivers of HPAI H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b During the 2022-2023 Outbreak in Chile: An Integrated Genomic and Spatial Epidemiology Framework.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Influenza A Virus H5N1 Subtype: Resurgent Interspecies and Intercontinental Transmission, and a New Host.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Epidemiology, Virology, and Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Kazakhstan.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent advances in avian influenza virus: Molecular pathogenesis, emerging strains, and next-generation therapeutics.World journal of virology · 2025Review
- Hemoparasites in Wild Birds: A Systematic Review of Their Ecology and Clinical Implications.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Phylogeographic Analysis of Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 in Serbia Reveals Repeated Introductions and Spread Across the Balkans.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study presents the interplay between wild bird migrations and global poultry trade in the unprecedented spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza, particularly the H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b strain, across the world and diverse ecosystems from 2020 to 2023. We theorized the role of migratory birds in spreading pathogens as various wild bird species traverse major flyways between the northern and southern hemispheres. Simultaneously, we analyzed the global poultry trade data to assess its role in H5N1's anthropogenic spread, highlighting how human economic activities intersect with natural avian behaviors in disease dynamics. Lastly, we conducted spatial hotspot analysis to identify areas of significant clustering of H5N1 outbreak points over different bird families from 2003 to 2023. This approach provides a strong framework for identifying specific regions at higher risk for H5N1 outbreaks and upon which to further evaluate these patterns with targeted intervention studies and research into what is driving these patterns. Our findings indicate that both the poultry sector and wild bird migrations significantly contribute to global H5N1 transmission, which helps better understanding of H5N1 transmission mechanisms when combined with ecological, epidemiological, and socio-economic perspectives. The results are intended to inform policy-making and strategic planning in wildlife conservation and the poultry trade to improve public health and animal welfare globally.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.