Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40133322›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Flexible graphene-based neurotechnology for high-precision deep brain mapping and neuromodulation in Parkinsonian rats.

Nicola Ria, Ahmed Eladly, Eduard Masvidal-Codina, Xavi Illa, Anton Guimerà, Kate Hills, Ramon Garcia-Cortadella, Fikret Taygun Duvan, Samuel M Flaherty, Michal Prokop and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Full-Stack Architectures for Intelligent Brain-Computer Interfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
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  4. Review
  5. Atomically Precise Clusterzymes: A Programmable Optoelectronic Platform for Neuroscience.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
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  14. Review
  15. Epilepsy grand challenge 2025.Frontiers in neurology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Nicola RiaCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0082-0952
Ahmed EladlyUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of Neuroscience, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3085-4707
Eduard Masvidal-CodinaCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
Xavi IllaInstituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3212-1128
Anton GuimeràInstituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Kate HillsUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of Neuroscience, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2685-3100
Ramon Garcia-CortadellaCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1506-6534
Fikret Taygun DuvanCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3377-9351
Samuel M FlahertyUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of Neuroscience, London, UK.
Michal ProkopCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain.
Rob C WykesUniversity of Manchester, Center for Nanotechnology in Medicine & Division of Neuroscience, London, UK. rob.wykes@manchester.ac.uk.
Kostas KostarelosCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain. kostas.kostarelos@icn2.cat.
Jose A GarridoCatalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and BIST, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain. joseantonio.garrido@icn2.cat.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-1067

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neuroelectronic therapy for the treatment of a broad range of neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Current DBS technologies face important limitations, such as large electrode size, invasiveness, and lack of adaptive therapy based on biomarker monitoring. In this study, we investigate the potential benefits of using nanoporous reduced graphene oxide (rGO) technology in DBS, by implanting a flexible high-density array of rGO microelectrodes (25 µm diameter) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of healthy and hemi-parkinsonian rats. We demonstrate that these microelectrodes record action potentials with a high signal-to-noise ratio, allowing the precise localization of the STN and the tracking of multiunit-based Parkinsonian biomarkers. The bidirectional capability to deliver high-density focal stimulation and to record high-fidelity signals unlocks the visualization of local neuromodulation of the multiunit biomarker. These findings demonstrate the potential of bidirectional high-resolution neural interfaces to investigate closed-loop DBS in preclinical models.

Indexed as

Brain MappingDeep Brain StimulationGraphiteParkinson DiseaseAction PotentialsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalElectrodes, ImplantedMaleMicroelectrodesParkinsonian DisordersRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySignal-To-Noise RatioSubthalamic Nucleusgraphene oxideGraphite

Identifiers

PMID40133322
PMCPMC11937542

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.