Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40133318›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Very-large-scale reconfigurable intelligent surfaces for dynamic control of terahertz and millimeter waves.

Yury Malevich, M Said Ergoktas, Gokhan Bakan, Pietro Steiner, Coskun Kocabas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yury MalevichDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-9384
M Said ErgoktasDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8749-8571
Gokhan BakanDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Pietro SteinerDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Coskun KocabasDepartment of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. coskun.kocabas@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0831-5552

Funding

MOD | Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl) DSTLX-1000135951
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unlocking the potential of terahertz (THz) and millimeter (mm) waves for next generation communications and imaging applications requires reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) with programmable elements that can manipulate the waves in real-time. Realization of this technology has been hindered by the lack of efficient THz electro-optical materials and scalable THz semiconductor platform. Here, by merging graphene-based THz modulators and the thin-film transistor (TFT) technology, we demonstrate very-large-scale (>300000 pixels) spatial light modulator with individually addressable subwavelength pixels. We demonstrate electronically programmable reflection and transmission patterns of THz light over a large area with unprecedent levels of uniformity and reproducibility. To highlight the potential of these devices, we demonstrate a single pixel mm-wave camera capable of imaging metallic objects. Furthermore, we demonstrate dynamic beam steering with reconfigurable direction pattern. We anticipate that these results will provide realistic pathways to structure THz waves for applications in non-invasive THz imaging and next generation THz communications.

Identifiers

PMID40133318
PMCPMC11937571

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.