Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40133289›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Large scale submarine groundwater discharge dominates nutrient inputs to China's coast.

Tianyi Zhu, Shibin Zhao, Bochao Xu, Dongyan Liu, M Bayani Cardenas, Huaming Yu, Yan Zhang, Xiaogang Chen, Kai Xiao, Lixin Yi and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Tianyi ZhuFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-4833-8135
Shibin ZhaoFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5143-8481
Bochao XuFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China. xubc@ouc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-3824
Dongyan LiuState Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-9846
M Bayani CardenasUniversity of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6270-3105
Huaming YuCollege of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.
Yan ZhangMOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environment Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, P. R. China.
Xiaogang ChenKey Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, P. R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4329-0530
Kai XiaoCAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, P. R. China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-4822
Lixin YiCollege of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Rd, Tianjin, P. R. China.
Hyung-Mi ChoDepartment of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
Sumei LiuFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.
Ziliang ZhangCollege of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China.
Ergang LianEcological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Taihu Basin & East China Sea Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Shanghai, 200125, P. R. China.
William C BurnettDepartment of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Guangquan ChenFirst Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, P. R. China.
Zhigang YuFrontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China. zhigangyu@ouc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1931-810X
Isaac R SantosDepartment of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 41319, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0524-842X

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 42030402National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 42130410National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 42425602National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U22A20580
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a nutrient source to coastal waters. However, most SGD estimates are restricted to a local scale and hardly distinguish contributions from fresh (FSGD) and recirculated (RSGD) SGD. Here, we compiled data on radium/radon of groundwater (n ~ 2000) and seawater (n ~ 10,000) samples along ~18,000 km of China's coastal seas to resolve large scale FSGD and RSGD and their associated nutrient loads. Nearshore-scale FSGD ( ~ 3.56 × 10

Identifiers

PMID40133289
PMCPMC11937440

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.