ArticlePloS one2025
Effects of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory function, diaphragmatic thickness, balance control, exercise capacity and quality of life in people after stroke: A randomized controlled trial protocol.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effect of exercise training on clinical and physiological variables in adults with myotonic dystrophy type 1: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Rewiring the Lung-CNS Axis After Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStroke is associated with diaphragmatic weakness and impaired respiratory function as well as balance impairment. The role of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on improvement of respiratory muscle strength in people after stroke has been reported. However, the training intensity associated with optimal diaphragm recruitment and the relationship between the effect of IMT and other functions in this population remains uncertain. PURPOSE: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to explore the effects of a 4-week IMT program with training intensity at 50% maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) (previously shown to be associated with maximal diaphragm contraction), on respiratory function, balance control, exercise capacity and quality of life (QOL) in people after stroke.
methodsThis is a patient- and assessor-blinded RCT. Eligible participants will be randomly allocated to the targeted-IMT group (with 50% MIP as the training intensity) or sham-IMT group (with 10% MIP as the training intensity). Both groups will also receive the same standardised hospital-based physical-rehabilitation protocol. All interventions will be implemented 5 days/week for 4 weeks. The primary outcome is the change of diaphragmatic thickness. Secondary outcomes are spirometry respiratory function, balance control, exercise capacity and QOL. Assessment will be conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and at 12th week follow-up. Data will be primarily analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA α=0.05. DISCUSSION: Results of this study will primarily inform the effect of IMT on lung function, balance control, exercise capacity and QOL in addition to physical rehabilitation, further the interplay between the change in diaphragm thickness, balance and QOL will be analysed in detail.
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Registered trials
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