Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40131456›Full record

Observational studyArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2025

SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and incidence of thromboembolic disease: an analysis of the Covid-19-Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study (CRONOS) in Germany.

Ulrich Pecks, Michael K Bohlmann, Kristin Andresen, Johanna Büchel, Catharina Bartmann, Magdalena Sitter, Anastasia Tihon, Peter Kranke, Achim Wöckel, Regina Hollweck and 23 more

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors.

Ulrich PecksDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Germany AND Institut of Midwifery, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany. Pecks_u@ukw.de.
Michael K BohlmannDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Elisabethen-Krankenhaus Lörrach, Lörrach, Germany.
Kristin AndresenDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Johanna BüchelDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Catharina BartmannDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Magdalena SitterDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Anastasia TihonDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Peter KrankeDepartment of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Achim WöckelDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Regina HollweckNovustat GmbH, Roosstr. 43, 8832, Wollerau, Switzerland.
Iris Dressler-SteinbachDepartment of Obstetrics, Charité, Berlin, Germany.
Susanne GruessnerDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Wilhelmshaven, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
Teresa M GruberDepartment of Obstetrics, Charité, Berlin, Germany.
Teresa EichingerDepartment of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Endocrinology, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria.
Jula ManzDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Darmstadt GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany.
Ina M RuehlDepartment of Obstetrics, Red Cross Hospital "Taxisstrasse", Munich, Germany.
Angela LihsDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, City Hospital Sindelfingen-Boblingen, Boblingen, Germany.
Anna-Lena BiermannDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Lea M BauerfeindDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
Kathleen M ObersteDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
Babett RamsauerDepartment of Obstetrics, Vivantes-Klinikum Neukölln, Berlin, Germany.
Eveline RusseDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Elisabeth-Hospital Lörrach, Lörrach, Germany.
Susanne Schrey-PetersenDepartment of Obstetrics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Filiz Markfeld ErolClinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Cahit BirdirDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinic of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Lisa KaupDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr Geisenhofer Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Munich, Germany.
Gregor SeligerOutpatient centre for women's health, fertility and pregnancy, University Medicine Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Christine MorfeldPerinatal Care Center, Diakovere Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Martin A BerghaeuserDepartment of Paediatrics, Florence-Nightingale Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Manuela F RichterNeonatology, AUF DER BULT-Children's and Youth Hospital, Hannover, Germany.
Peter JakubowskiDepartment of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Birgit LinnemannCenter for Cardiology and Angiology, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
Werner RathDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe aim of the present study was to quantify the rate of thromboembolic events (TE) in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection and to characterize risk factors to provide a basis for individualized recommendation on prophylactic measures.

methodsCRONOS is a multicenter, prospective observational study conducted in Germany and Austria during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled. Data on demographics, medical history, COVID-19-related aspects, and pregnancy and birth outcomes were collected. TE was particularly queried and used as the primary outcome. A combination of "TE," "maternal or fetal death," or "severe postpartum hemorrhage" was defined as a secondary endpoint. Risk analyses were performed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.

resultsData from 8033 pregnant patients showed 40 TEs (0.5% incidence). TE rates were 10% in ICU patients, 0.2-0.4% in those with moderate-to-mild COVID-19, and < 0.1% in asymptomatic women. Pulmonary embolism occurred in 21 cases, deep vein thrombosis in 12, and 7 had atypical or arterial TE. Risk factors included advanced gestational age, COVID-19 symptoms, hospitalization or ICU admission, premature birth, cesarean section, delivery within 4 weeks of infection, higher weight gain, anemia, and chronic inflammatory bowel disease. COVID-19 vaccination reduced risk. The logistic risk model yielded an AUC of 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.94).

conclusionThe TE rate in pregnant women is largely determined by the severity of the disease. In asymptomatic or mild cases, other factors outweigh TE risk, while severe COVID-19 requiring ICU admission poses a high TE risk despite prophylaxis.

Indexed as

COVID-19Pregnancy Complications, InfectiousThromboembolismAdultAustriaFemaleGermanyHumansIncidenceInfant, NewbornPostpartum HemorrhagePregnancyPregnancy OutcomeProspective StudiesPulmonary EmbolismRisk FactorsBlood transfusionHeparinInvasive ventilationMaternal deathStillbirth

Identifiers

PMID40131456
PMCPMC12055630

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.