Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40131429›Full record

ArticleNeuroradiology2025

Neurodegeneration correlates of iron-related lesions and leptomeningeal inflammation in multiple sclerosis clinical subtypes.

Aigli G Vakrakou, Ioannis Papadopoulos, Maria-Evgenia Brinia, Dimitrios Karathanasis, Dimitrios Panaretos, Panos Stathopoulos, Anastasia Alexaki, Varvara Pantoleon, Efstratios Karavasilis, Georgios Velonakis and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroradiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Aigli G VakrakouNeuroimmunology Unit,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece. avakrakou@med.uoa.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-7216
Ioannis PapadopoulosResearch Unit of Radiology,2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Maria-Evgenia BriniaNeuroimmunology Unit,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece.
Dimitrios KarathanasisMultiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Unit, Center of Expertise for Rare Demyelinating and Autoimmune Diseases of CNS, First Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Aiginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Dimitrios PanaretosDepartment of Statistics and Insurance Science, School of Economic Sciences, University of Western, Kozani, Macedonia.
Panos StathopoulosNeuroimmunology Unit,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece.
Anastasia AlexakiNeuroimmunology Unit,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece.
Varvara PantoleonResearch Unit of Radiology,2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Efstratios KaravasilisLaboratory of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece.
Georgios VelonakisResearch Unit of Radiology,2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Leonidas StefanisNeuroimmunology Unit,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece.
Maria-Eleftheria EvangelopoulosMultiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Unit, Center of Expertise for Rare Demyelinating and Autoimmune Diseases of CNS, First Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Aiginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Constantinos KilidireasNeuroimmunology Unit,1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, NKUA, Athens, Greece.

Funding

E.L.K.E 10563
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the significant implications of different types of lesions as assessed by QSM (quantitative-susceptibility-mapping) as well as leptomeningeal contrast-enhancement in a cohort of Relapsing-Remitting (RR) and Primary Progressive (PP) MS patients and to assess their association with clinical disability and MRI-measures of brain structural damage.

methodsDifferent types of white-matter lesions were identified and quantified using QSM in 24 RRMS and 15 PPMS (11 patients with follow-up MRI). Leptomeningeal contrast-enhancement (LMCE; foci) was assessed on 3D-FLAIR post-gadolinium.

resultsBoth RRMS and PPMS presented PRL (paramagnetic-rim lesions) and LMCE, with PPMS showing a trend towards more LMCE (RRMS 37%, PPMS 53%). In QSM RRMS patients showed more hyperintense white-matter lesions with greater lesion volume. In RRMS PRL correlated with disease duration and lesion burden especially the volume of juxtacortical Flair-hyperintense lesions. Besides, the presence of PRL lesions in PPMS was associated with subcortical atrophy mainly thalamus and pallidum volumetry. In all MS-cohort, patients with more than 3-PRLs exhibited reduced regional cortical thickness in specific temporal areas and post/para central gyrus. Forest-analysis selected age, increased NAWM (normal appearing white-matter) QSM intensity, total lesion volume and the presence of LMCE as informative predictors of cortical thickness. After anti-CD20 treatment, no significant change was observed regarding the number of PRL and LMCE, but the percentage of PRL lesions over the total lesion types and the QSM rim intensity increased.

conclusionOur findings suggest that QSM-lesion types and leptomeningeal inflammation capture different aspects of progressive disease biology in both RRMS and PPMS.

Indexed as

IronMagnetic Resonance ImagingMeningitisMultiple SclerosisMultiple Sclerosis, Chronic ProgressiveMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingAdultContrast MediaFemaleHumansMaleMeningesMiddle AgedContrast MediaIronCortical thicknessEDSSLeptomeningeal inflammationMultiple sclerosisParamagnetic rim-lesionsSusceptibility-susceptibility imagesThalamus

Identifiers

PMID40131429
PMCPMC12357800

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.