ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation is associated with glucocorticoid secretion in adrenocortical carcinoma, but not directly with immune cell infiltration.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Homeobox genes in endocrine tumorigenesis: mechanisms, tumor microenvironment interaction, and therapeutic potential.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Molecular subtyping of adrenocortical carcinoma reveals distinct subtypes with prognostic and therapeutic implications.Endocrine-related cancer · 2026Article
- Article
- Genes From Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Predict Overall Survival Effectively in Breast Cancer: A Novel Risk Model Based on Initial Step of Tumor Metastasis.Breast cancer : basic and clinical research · 2026Article
- Article
- Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation is associated with glucocorticoid secretion in adrenocortical carcinoma, but not directly with immune cell infiltration.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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13 authors.
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Abstract
Background: In advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is only ~15%. Glucocorticoid (GC) secretion and the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have been suggested to contribute to low tumour immune cell infiltration. The transcription factor lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF-1) transduces β-catenin ( Objective: To understand the contribution of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signalling to the immunologically cold ACC tumour microenvironment. Methods: Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) of β-catenin (CTNNB1), LEF-1, GR and T cell markers CD3, CD4, CD8, Fox P3 in 59 ACC samples. Targeted RNA expression analysis of 354 immune-related genes in 58 additional ACC tissue specimens. Correlative analyses with clinical data. Results: Nuclear LEF-1 and CTNNB1 protein expression were positively correlated in ACC tissue (Pearson R Conclusion: Lef-1 expression is useful as a biomarker of activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling in ACC. Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation was not associated with reduced immune cell markers in ACC but GC secretion and may be related to tumoural antigen presentation.
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