ArticleFrontiers in bioinformatics2025
Urinary based biomarkers identification and genetic profiling in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review of metabolomic studies.
Article in Frontiers in bioinformatics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuronutrition and Nrf2 Brain Resilience Signaling: Epigenomics and Metabolomics for Personalized Medicine in Nervous System Disorders from Bench to Clinic.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors for the Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease is a complex, age-related, neurodegenerative disease associated with dopamine deficiency and both motor and nonmotor deficits. Therapeutic pathways remain challenging in Parkinson's disease due to the low accuracy of early diagnosis, the difficulty in monitoring disease progression, and the limited availability of treatment options. Objectives: Few data are present to identify urinary biomarkers for various ailments, potentially aiding in the diagnosis and tracking of illness progression in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Thus, the analysis of urinary metabolomic biomarkers (UMB) for early and mid-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) is the main goal of this systematic review. Methods: For this study, six electronic databases were searched for articles published up to 23 February 2024: PubMed, Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, Science Direct, and Cochrane. 5,377 articles were found and 40 articles were screened as per the eligibility criteria. Out of these, 7 controlled studies were selected for this review. Genetic profiling for gene function and biomarker interactions between urinary biomarkers was conducted using the STRING and Cytoscape database. Results: A total of 40 metabolites were identified to be related to the early and mid-stage of the disease pathology out of which three metabolites, acetyl phenylalanine (a subtype of phenylalanine), tyrosine and kynurenine were common and most significant in three studies. These metabolites cause impaired dopamine synthesis along with mitochondrial disturbances and brain energy metabolic disturbances which are considered responsible for neurodegenerative disorders. Furoglycine, Cortisol, Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, Glycine, Tiglyglycine, Aminobutyric acid, Hydroxyprogesterone, Phenylacetylglutamine, and Dihydrocortisol were also found commonly dysregulated in two of the total 7 studies. 158 genes were found which are responsible for the occurrence of PD and metabolic regulation of the corresponding biomarkers from our study. Conclusion: The current review identified acetyl phenylalanine (a subtype of phenylalanine), tyrosine and kynurenine as potential urinary metabolomic biomarkers for diagnosing PD and identifying disease progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.