Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40129190›Full record

ArticleThe Korean journal of internal medicine2025

Fact sheet: nationwide trends in dietary intakes among Korean adults, 2013-2022.

Hannah Oh, Garam Jo, Oh Yoen Kim, Hyunjung Lim, SuJin Song, Jeong-Hwa Choi, Jae Hyun Bae, Eun-Sun Jin, Rockli Kim, Yujin Lee and 3 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Korean journal of internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07175701 (Effects of Ultra-processed Food Reduction Intervention on Postprandial Glucose and Glycemic Variability in Korean Young Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07175701 narecruitingnot on this map

Effects of Ultra-processed Food Reduction Intervention on Postprandial Glucose and Glycemic Variability in Korean Young Adults: Study Protocol for the ULTRA-CGM Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorKorea UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled50ConditionsPostprandial Glucose, Glucose Levels, HyperglycemiasArms40-minute one-on-one dietary counseling and nutrition education aimed at reducing ultra-processed food consumption, Standard dietary counseling and nutrition education based on national guidelines
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2024.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hannah OhInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Garam JoInstitute for BioMaterials, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Oh Yoen KimDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea.
Hyunjung LimDepartment of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of EastWest Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.
SuJin SongDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea.
Jeong-Hwa ChoiDepartment of Food Science and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
Jae Hyun BaeDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Eun-Sun JinDepartment of Cardiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Rockli KimInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Yujin LeeDepartment of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin, Korea.
In-Kyung JeongDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Min-Jeong ShinInterdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
Committee of Nutrition and Public Relation of the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis

Funding

Ministry of Science and ICTNational Research Foundation of Korea RS-2023-00219289National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2024-00355637
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

aimsCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the recent nationwide trends in major dietary risk factors for dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.

methodsWe estimated age-standardized mean intakes of fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, whole grains, dietary fiber, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs); and mean percentage of energy intake from protein, total fat, saturated fat, and polyunsaturated fat using nationally representative samples from the Korean National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey 2013-2022. To assess overall diet quality, we calculated mean Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) (range 0-100, higher scores indicating greater diet quality).

resultsIn 2013-2022, there were overall decreasing trends in age-standardized mean KHEI score and intakes of fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and dietary fiber; and overall increasing trends in mean intakes of SSBs, protein, and dietary fat among both male and female. The KHEI score increased in older adults aged ≥ 60 years, whereas it decreased among younger adults. Throughout the study period, younger adults tended to have lower intakes of fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, and whole grains; higher intakes of SSBs, protein, and dietary fat; and lower KHEI score. The mean KHEI score was lower in male (vs. female) and lower (vs. higher) income groups.

conclusionOur data suggest that, from 2013 to 2022, there was a trend toward an unhealthy diet in Korean adults. Our findings also suggest dietary inequalities among age, sex, and income groups, suggesting the need for more intense interventions targeting the vulnerable populations.

Indexed as

DietDiet, HealthyFeeding BehaviorAdultAgedAge FactorsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysRecommended Dietary AllowancesRepublic of KoreaRisk FactorsTime FactorsYoung AdultAtherosclerosisDietary intakeDyslipidemiaHealthy Eating IndexTrend analysis

Identifiers

PMID40129190
PMCPMC12081105

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.