Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40128672›Full record

ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2025

Investigation of the efficiency of pulsed electromagnetic field treatment and stretching exercise in experimental skeletal muscle injury model.

Mesut Ergan, Tahir Keskіn, İbrahim Aydın Candan, Yalçın Erzurumlu, Halil Aşci, Selçuk Çömlekçı, Ferdi Başkurt

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mesut ErganFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32200, Turkey. mesutergan@sdu.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9712-5154
Tahir KeskіnFaculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Bingöl University, Bіngöl, 12000, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9237-3300
İbrahim Aydın CandanFaculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Unıversıty, Alanya, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3937-8786
Yalçın ErzurumluFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6835-4436
Halil AşciFaculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1545-035X
Selçuk ÇömlekçıFaculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1389-6435
Ferdi BaşkurtFaculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, 32200, Turkey.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8997-4172

Funding

Süleyman Demirel University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit TDK-2021-8371
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivePulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) and stretching exercises are safe and noninvasive methods that could have a therapeutic effect on tissue healing. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of these methods in treatment of muscle injury (INJ).

methodRats were divided into 5 groups (Control, INJ, INJ + Exercise, INJ + PEMF, INJ + Exercise + PEMF). At the end of the experiment, genetic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluations were made in the muscle tissue.

resultsMononuclear cell infiltration, muscle degeneration, atrophy, and necrosis were found to be higher in the INJ group than in all groups (p < 0.001). On the 7th day, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) was found to be higher in the INJ group compared to both the control and the INJ + Exercise group (p < 0.05). On the 14th day, Vascular endothelial growth factor values were found to be higher in the injury group than the other groups except for the PEMF group (p < 0.05), and FGF values were higher in the injury group compared to all groups (p < 0.001). The expressions of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on the 7th and 14th days showed a significant increase in the INJ group compared to the other groups (p < 0.001).

conclusionIn this study, it has been shown that PEMF and stretching exercise is effective in the treatment of muscle injuries as they balance the inflammatory process in the muscle, have a positive effect on muscle development, accelerate healing, prevent fibrosis development by reducing TGF-β1 signaling, and inhibit inflammatory-induced eNOS activity.

Indexed as

Magnetic Field TherapyMuscle, SkeletalMuscle Stretching ExercisesAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalElectromagnetic FieldsMaleNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIIRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRats, WistarTransforming Growth Factor beta1Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ANitric Oxide Synthase Type IIITransforming Growth Factor beta1Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Avascular endothelial growth factor A, ratFibrosisMuscle injuryMuscle stretching exercisePulsed electromagnetic therapy

Identifiers

PMID40128672
PMCPMC11931823

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.