Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40128538›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Caregiver burden of Alzheimer's disease among informal caregivers: a cross-sectional study in Malaysia.

Lyn Xuan Tay, Siew Chin Ong, Hui Ming Ong, Ewe Eow Teh, Alan Swee Hock Ch'ng, Ing Khieng Tiong, Rizah Mazzuin Razali, Thaigarajan Parumasivam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

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  12. Effect of caregiver burden on the quality of life of informal caregivers of people with cystic fibrosis in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lyn Xuan TayDiscipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Siew Chin OngDiscipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. siewchinong@usm.my.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-9588
Hui Ming OngDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 10990, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Ewe Eow TehDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 10990, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Alan Swee Hock Ch'ngDepartment of Medicine, Seberang Jaya Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 13700, Seberang Perai, Penang, Malaysia.
Ing Khieng TiongDepartment of Geriatric, Sarawak Heart Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Rizah Mazzuin RazaliGeriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 50586, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Thaigarajan ParumasivamDiscipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia.

Funding

Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Inovasi TDF03211038
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) not only impacts the patients but substantially informal caregivers in terms of physical and psychological burden. This study aims to determine the burden level of informal caregivers of patients with different stages of AD and use of special accommodation (SpA) along with its predictors. A cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing AD patients and informal caregivers recruited from 4 tertiary hospitals. Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) was used to estimate caregivers' burden. The analysis categorized informal caregivers of AD patients into two groups based on the use of SpA. Multivariable linear regression was employed to identify potential determinants of subjective caregiver burden. As a result, caregivers' burden experienced by informal caregivers of severe community-dwelling AD patients was significantly higher (p = 0.024) than those with special accommodation. As AD advanced, caregivers' burden was elevated significantly (p = 0.021) from mild to severe AD among community-dwelling patients. In multivariable analysis, severe AD (standardised β = 0.187, p = 0.047 vs. mild AD) and spousal relationship (standardised β = 0.241, p = 0.026 vs. other relationships) were found to be significant factors in predicting caregivers' burden. Hence, the physical and social needs of informal caregivers must not be overlooked. Severe AD significantly increased caregiver burden in community dwelling patients. Spousal caregivers report a higher perceived burden compared to caregivers with other relationships. Policymakers need to recognize and address the substantial demands placed on informal caregivers by providing essential social support. Special accommodation could alleviate the burden on informal caregivers, particularly those caring for patients with severe AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCaregiver BurdenCaregiversCost of IllnessAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndependent LivingMalaysiaMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID40128538
PMCPMC11933415

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.