Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40128067›Full record

SynthesisMedicine2025

Expression of interleukin-18 in primary Sjögren syndrome and its potential mechanisms with disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ying Deng, Yijue Wang, Yijuan Cheng, Min Lei, Yingyu Luo, Wenling Gu, Boyu Cai, Li Li, Nannan Zhang

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ying DengNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yijue WangNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yijuan ChengNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Min LeiNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Yingyu LuoNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Wenling GuNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Boyu CaiNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Li LiDivision of Renal and Endocrinology, Qin Huang Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Nannan ZhangNational Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6184-6216

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation 81970738Natural science foundation project of Sichuan 2024NSFSC0599the Key Research and Development Program of Chengdu 2023-YF09-00052-SNUniversal Application Program of Health Commission of Sichuan Province no. 21PJ047
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInterleukin-18 (IL-18), an IL-1 family cytokine with potent ability to induce interferon gamma production and enhance Th1 response, was elevated in a group of autoimmune diseases including primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). IL-18 dysregulation can contribute to the pathogenesis of these disorders by exerting function in innate and adaptive immunity. This study is aimed at comparing the level of IL-18 in pSS patients and explored the association between IL-18 and pSS.

methodsSix databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Ovid Medline, Scopus and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria. We analyzed IL-18 concentrations in the serum and tear of pSS patients and healthy controls (HCs), and review the potential mechanism between IL-18 and pSS.

resultsEleven articles were included in this study, which reported IL-18 levels in serum and tear of pSS patients and HCs. IL-18 levels in pSS patients were significantly higher than those in HCs (standard mean difference = 1.28, 95% confidence interval 0.75-1.82, P < .001), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 90%, P < .001) among the studies. The level of IL-18 in serum was analyzed separately and was also higher than those in HCs (standard mean difference = 1.28, 95% confidence interval 0.68-1.88, P < .001), with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 91%, P < .001). Apart from that, the potential pathogenesis of pSS was concluded comprehensively.

conclusionIL-18 abundance was evidently elevated in pSS patients and can thus likely be used as a reliable biomarker to monitor and track the progression of pSS, and further to become a good target for treatment of pSS patient.

Indexed as

Interleukin-18Sjogren's SyndromeBiomarkersHumansTearsBiomarkersIL18 protein, humanInterleukin-18

Identifiers

PMID40128067
PMCPMC11936574

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.