Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40127903›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2025

PROBAST+AI: an updated quality, risk of bias, and applicability assessment tool for prediction models using regression or artificial intelligence methods.

Karel G M Moons, Johanna A A Damen, Tabea Kaul, Lotty Hooft, Constanza Andaur Navarro, Paula Dhiman, Andrew L Beam, Ben Van Calster, Leo Anthony Celi, Spiros Denaxas and 18 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 490 papers, 27 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
490citing papers in PubMed, 27 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

490 citing papers in PubMed, 27 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  10. Machine Learning Models for Predicting Pain, Fatigue, Depression, Anxiety, and Malnutrition in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2026
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430 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

28 authors.

Karel G M MoonsJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands k.g.m.moons@umcutrecht.nl.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2118-004X
Johanna A A DamenJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7401-4593
Tabea KaulJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-5379
Lotty HooftJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-2980
Constanza Andaur NavarroJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7745-2887
Paula DhimanCentre for Statistics in Medicine, UK EQUATOR Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0989-0623
Andrew L BeamDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6657-2787
Ben Van CalsterDepartment of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-7450
Leo Anthony CeliDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-6626
Spiros DenaxasInstitute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-7791
Alastair K DennistonCollege of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-0087
Marzyeh GhassemiDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6349-7251
Georg HeinzeInstitute of Clinical Biometrics, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1147-8491
André Pascal KengneDepartment of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5183-131X
Lena Maier-HeinDivision of Intelligent Medical Systems, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-9368
Xiaoxuan LiuCollege of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-0038
Patricia LogulloCentre for Statistics in Medicine, UK EQUATOR Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-7003
Melissa D McCraddenDepartment of Bioethics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-2165
Nan LiuCentre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-4883
Lauren Oakden-RaynerAustralian Institute for Machine Learning, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5471-5202
Karandeep SinghDepartment of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-2330
Daniel S TingCentre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2264-7174
Laure WynantsDepartment of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-122X
Bada YangJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-4995
Johannes B ReitsmaJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4026-4345
Richard D RileySchool of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8699-0735
Gary S CollinsCentre for Statistics in Medicine, UK EQUATOR Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2772-2316
Maarten van SmedenJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-1541

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Identifiers

PMID40127903
PMCPMC11931409

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.