Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40126634›Full record

ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2025

Walking inability in children during early treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: incidence and risk factors.

Emma den Hartog, Marta Fiocco, Inge M van der Sluis, Patrick van der Torre, Wim J E Tissing, Emma J Verwaaijen

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Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Emma den HartogPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Marta FioccoPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Inge M van der SluisPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Patrick van der TorrePrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Wim J E TissingPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Emma J VerwaaijenPrincess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.j.verwaaijen@prinsesmaximacentrum.nl.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAcute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and its treatment cause side effects in paediatric patients which increase the risk of walking inability, limiting functional independence and quality of life. However, the incidence of walking inability, the time until onset and potential risk factors are unknown.

methodsWe retrospectively retrieved data in ALL patients (≤ 18 years). Walking inability was defined as the incompetence to walk independently from diagnosis until the end of early treatment. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to estimate the time until walking inability. To assess the effect of risk factors, we estimated a Cox regression model and performed a landmark analysis.

resultsIn total, 226 patients (age median, 5.5 years; interquartile range, 3.4-11.7) were included. Walking inability was experienced by 15.0% at diagnosis and 28.3% during induction/consolidation1. Age at diagnosis (hazard ratio (HR) 0.901; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.847-0.959) was a risk factor during induction/consolidation1. The landmark analysis at end of induction identified age at diagnosis (HR 0.898; 95% CI 0.830-0.971), delta weight-to-height Z-score (HR 0.577; 95% CI 0.410-0.812) and duration of hospitalizations (HR 1.076; 95% CI 1.005-1.152) as risk factors during consolidation1.

conclusionFifteen percent experienced walking inability at diagnosis and 28.3% temporarily stopped walking during early treatment. This is concerning because walking inability leads to isolation and loss of independence. Patients with younger age, decreasing weight and longer hospitalizations during the first month of treatment were at highest risk. Informing patients and parents about the occurrence of walking inability and studies on physiotherapy and nutritional interventions are indicated.

Indexed as

Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaWalkingAdolescentAge FactorsChildChild, PreschoolConsolidation ChemotherapyFemaleHumansIncidenceKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleProportional Hazards ModelsQuality of LifeRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsAcute lymphoblastic leukaemiaEarly treatmentPaediatric oncologyWalking

Identifiers

PMID40126634
PMCPMC11933134

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