ArticlePest management science2025
The herbicidal natural product phosphonothrixin is an inhibitor of the riboflavin biosynthetic enzyme L-3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase.
Article in Pest management science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chiral HPLC Separation of Phosphonothrixin and Phosphonate Derivatives and Electronic Circular Dichroism Characterization of the Isolated Enantiomers.Electrophoresis · 2026Article
- From Discovery to Manufacturing: A Quantitative Review of Phosphonates and Strategies for High-Titer Production.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Discovery of the Phosphonate Flavophos Produced byJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Discovery of the Phosphonate Flavophos Produced bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIn our ongoing search for new and environmentally friendly chemical entities that can control weeds via new modes of action we reinvestigated the herbicidal potency of the natural phytotoxin phosphonothrixin and researched its mode of action.
resultsPhosphonothrixin displayed broad but non-selective post-emergence herbicidal in vivo activity in greenhouse tests, albeit at high application rates. Based on a hypothesis on its mechanism of action derived from a literature study we demonstrated that phosphonothrixin significantly increased the thermostability of 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase (DHBPS), an enzyme involved in riboflavin (vitamin B2) biosynthesis and inhibited the enzyme competitively with respect to its substrate D-ribose-5-phosphate. Inhibition of DHBPS as the mode of action of phosphonothrixin was confirmed by the elucidation of the X-ray crystal structure of DHBPS in complex with phosphonothrixin and Mg
conclusionThe natural phytotoxin phosphonothrixin is the first herbicide inhibiting an enzyme involved in vitamin B2 (riboflavin) biosynthesis and represents a prototype of a novel herbicide with a brand-new mode of action. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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