ArticleHealth equity2024
Experiences of Discrimination Among Women and Gender Diverse Veterans Using Veterans Health Administration Health Care.
Article in Health equity, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rates and Predictors of Follow-Up Care and Treatment Initiation Among Women Veterans After a Positive Alcohol Screen.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Lived experiences of Iranian employed women with maintaining work-life balance: a descriptive phenomenological study.BMC women's health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: Women Veterans are diverse in terms of racial, ethnic, and gender identities and sexual orientation and may experience a variety of forms of discrimination and stigma in health care settings. Our objective was to understand discrimination experienced by women Veterans in the context of Veterans Health Administration (VA) care. Methods: We analyzed data from a series of semistructured telephone interviews with Veterans identified as females in the VA medical record who received VA health care in the past 12 months, purposively sampled by race/ethnicity and age ( Results: We identified themes regarding structural discrimination, interpersonal discrimination, and strategies employed in response to discrimination. Veterans described structural discrimination, including challenges with spaces not designed to accommodate disabilities or safety needs and care not sensitive to their gender, trauma histories, or sexual orientation. Interpersonal discrimination included harassment from other Veterans and biased treatment from VA providers and staff based on gender, appearance, and sexual orientation. Gender-based discrimination compounded across additional axes of marginalization including body size and stigma regarding mental illness. Experiences of discrimination undermined Veterans' sense of belonging and trust in VA and created barriers to accessing care. Veterans engaged in various strategies to protect themselves from discrimination and get needed care. Discussion: Quality improvement efforts that address the experience of women Veterans using VA health care must consider multiple forms and sources of discrimination and the intersection of gender-based discrimination with other forms of marginalization.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.