ArticleCureus2025
Assessing the Impact of Pre-surgical Delay on Extradural Hematoma Outcomes.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExtradural hematoma (EDH) is a life-threatening neurosurgical emergency, with timely surgical intervention critical to preventing neurological deterioration and improving patient outcomes. Delays in surgical treatment are a persistent concern, yet the specific impact of pre-surgical delays on clinical outcomes in EDH patients remains underexplored.
objectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of pre-surgical delay duration on clinical outcomes in patients with EDH, specifically examining survival rates, neurological status, and recovery outcomes. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective observational study was conducted over a two-year period (January 2022 to December 2023). Patients aged 18 years and above, diagnosed with EDH and undergoing surgical intervention, were included. Data on pre-surgical delays, demographics, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes were collected from medical records. Statistical analyses included t-tests and multivariate regression to identify predictors of adverse outcomes.
resultsA total of 178 patients were analyzed. The mean pre-surgical delay was significantly longer in deceased patients (16.42 ± 6.24 hours) compared to survivors (7.92 ± 3.81 hours) (p < 0.001). Shorter pre-surgical delays (6.31 ± 2.52 hours) were associated with higher rates of full recovery compared to longer delays (12.18 ± 4.29 hours) (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified pre-surgical delay, age, hypertension, and diabetes as significant predictors of adverse outcomes.
conclusionPre-surgical delays significantly impact survival rates and recovery outcomes. Addressing logistical issues, resource constraints, and comorbid conditions is essential to minimize delays and improve patient prognosis.
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