ArticleCureus2025
An Investigation of Natural Background Radiation Levels in Different Locations of Saudi Arabia.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIonizing natural background radiation (BR) has existed on Earth's surface since the beginning of biological life. The daily routine cannot be isolated from radiation exposure, particularly BR. This study aims to investigate natural BR in different areas of Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe study included 10 regions in Saudi Arabia, including the south, north, middle, west, and east of Riyadh, north and south of Jeddah, east and south of Najran, and the Dammam region. The study utilized a portable Environmental Radiation Meter Type GCA-07 series (Digital Geiger counter, images scientific instrument, Inc, Staten Island NY), calibrated by the standard radioactive source of Cs-137 in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to investigate BR across various regions. The BR was accessed by measuring the absorbed dose to estimate the annual effective dose (AED) indoors. It involved positioning the detector at least four meters away from any building or wall and maintaining it one meter above the ground surface to assess BR.
resultsThe absorbed dose rate of BR results revealed that the highest and lowest were 0.18 mSv/hr and 0.11 mSv/hr in south Jeddah and Dammam. The data indicate that these areas had higher mean indoor AED than the global BR average. Similarly, the excess life cancer risk (ELCR) shows the same results, with the highest and lowest being 3.69 x 10
conclusionsThe outcome shows that the indoor BR in Saudi Arabia is above the worldwide mean of AED. Similar studies with extensive data collection across all regions of Saudi Arabia may be required to get enough empirical data about natural BR in future research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.