ArticleCureus2025
Understanding Bowel Habits and Stool Form Among Indian Adolescents: A Descriptive Study.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Effects of 8-week TRX exercise program on bowel habits and gastrointestinal symptoms in competitive male swimmers aged 9-13: a randomized controlled trial.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
introductionBowel habits and stool characteristics reflect adolescents' physical and mental health. Sociodemographics, environment, diet, and genetics influence defecation patterns. However, data on Indian adolescents' normal defecation patterns is limited.
methodsA study was conducted on 232 adolescents (aged 10-19 years) from two schools after obtaining parental consent and children's assent. Data on bowel habits, stool forms, use of school latrines, socio-dietary habits, and demographic profiles was collected. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test and unpaired t-test, with p<0.05 considered significant.
resultsOf the 232 participants (mean age: 14.59±2.12 years; 50% male, 50% female), the most common stool frequency was 1-2 times/day (88.8%), followed by thrice a day (4.7%), <3 times/week (3.9%), and >3 times/day (2.6%). Bristol type IV stool was the most prevalent, followed by types III, II, V, I, VI, and VII. Common bowel issues included abdominal pain and bleeding during defecation. Girls reported significantly higher rates of abdominal pain (p=0.009) and incomplete evacuation (p=0.018) compared to boys.
conclusionsThis study provides insights into the normal bowel habits and defecation patterns of urban and semi-urban adolescents in Northern India. The findings can serve as a foundation for larger studies and aid in developing guidelines for managing constipation and bowel irregularities among Indian adolescents.
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