ReviewHealth services insights2025
Prevalence, Patterns, and Determinants of Workplace Violence Among Healthcare Providers in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Health services insights, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Workplace violence remains a persistent health and occupational issue, but stakeholders often lack sufficient evidence to guide effective mitigation strategies. This review aims to ascertain the prevalence and determinants of workplace violence among healthcare providers in Ethiopia, where the issue is under-researched. Methods: The search included studies conducted in Ethiopia, regardless of publication year, that reported workplace violence among healthcare providers using PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Sciences, EMBASE, CINHAL, Google Scholar, university repositories, and reference. After each author independently evaluated a study for inclusion, data was extracted, and disagreements were discussed and settled. A random-effects meta-analysis approach was used to evaluate the pooled prevalence, patterns, and determinants of workplace violence at 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, the Results: A total of 6986 participants from 17 eligible studies were included in this study. Of the participants, 56% (95% CI: 48%-63%) reported having experienced any form of workplace violence. Verbal abuse accounted for 57% (95% CI: 49-65%), sexual harassment for 56% (95% CI: 48-65%), physical violence for 55% (95% CI: 46-63%), and bullying/mobbing for 51% (95% CI: 40-62%), according to the participants' reports of workplace violence. Working night hours (AOR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.20-1.93), being female (AOR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.07-3.41), being single (AOR: 4.58; 95% CI: 2.44-6.73), working in an emergency department (AOR: 3.87; 95% CI: 2.33-5.41), and consuming alcohol (AOR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.10-4.28) were all associated with a higher risk of workplace violence. Egger's test and the funnel plot revealed no publication bias, and sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the pooled odds ratios were stable. Conclusion: Given the comparatively high prevalence of workplace violence and its various types among healthcare providers, a multilevel intervention strategy was necessary to address and lessen its effects. In order to make the workplace safer and avoid negative consequences for health care providers as well as the larger healthcare system, this strategy should incorporate both individual-level strategies and targeted policies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.