Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40123299›Full record

ArticleJournal of interpersonal violence2026

Heterogeneous Effects of Environmental Exposure to Gun Violence on Adolescent Problem Behavior.

Xiaoya Zhang, Amanda J Aubel, Angela Bruns, Shani A L Buggs, Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of interpersonal violence, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaoya ZhangUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5425-8547
Amanda J AubelUniversity of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7050-0604
Angela BrunsGonzaga University, Spokane, WA, USA.
Shani A L BuggsUniversity of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4538-0206
Nicole Kravitz-WirtzUniversity of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, USA.

Funding

NCIPC CDC HHS R01 CE003261
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mounting evidence suggests that gun violence occurring within a community can affect community members even when they do not experience it firsthand. Building on this expanded view of exposure, the present study examined the effects of environmental exposure to gun violence-that is, living or attending school within 1,300 m of a past-year firearm homicide occurrence-on adolescents' problem behaviors (delinquent, externalizing, and internalizing behaviors) using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study merged with information on firearm homicide incidents from the Gun Violence Archive (

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorEnvironmental ExposureExposure to ViolenceGun ViolenceProblem BehaviorAdolescentFemaleFirearmsHomicideHumansJuvenile DelinquencyMaledelinquencyenvironmental exposure to deadly gun violenceexternalizing and internalizing behaviorpropensity score matchingyouth

Identifiers

PMID40123299
PMCPMC13359044

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.