Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40121457›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2025

Repeated detection of SARS-CoV-2 in pet dogs in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria: a cause for vigilance.

I K Peter-Ajuzie, C N Chinyere, A B Olorunfemi, L Z Kpasham, O O Opaleye, A S Bakarey, O B Daodu, A N Happi, O A Olowe, C T Happi and 3 more

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Article in BMC veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

I K Peter-AjuzieDepartment of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
C N ChinyereHumboldt Research Hub for Zoonotic Arboviral Diseases, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
A B OlorunfemiHumboldt Research Hub-Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria.
L Z KpashamDepartment of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
O O OpaleyeDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria.
A S BakareyHumboldt Research Hub for Zoonotic Arboviral Diseases, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
O B DaoduDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
A N HappiAfrican Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria.
O A OloweDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria.
C T HappiAfrican Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria.
D O OluwayeluDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
O OjurongbeHumboldt Research Hub-Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria.
James O OlopadeDepartment of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. jkayodeolopade@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 was unprecedented in its devastating impact on the global economy, public health, travel and tourism, education, sports, religion, and social lives. Studies conducted thereafter on the disease and its causative agent, SARS-CoV-2, have highlighted the need for effective and sustainable public health interventions.

methodsThis study investigated the prevalence and endemicity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pet dogs using immunochromatography assay (IC) and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of their blood, rectal swabs, and nasal swabs in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria between 2022 and 2024. KEY

findingsFor the IC, positivity rates of 11.7% (23/197), 85.7% (6/7), and 100% (3/3) were recorded for 2022, 2023 and 2024 while for the RT-qPCR, positivity rates of 37.9% (11/29), 33.3% (2/6) and 100% (3/3) were recorded for 2022, 2023 and 2024. This repeated detection of SARS-CoV-2 in three of the dogs tested over the three-year period suggests continuous shedding of the virus by these animals and indicates endemicity of the virus in the study area. Findings highlight the urgent need for optimized SARS-CoV-2 rapid diagnostic tools tailored for veterinary applications to ensure rapid and reliable detection of the virus, especially in resource-constrained settings.

conclusionConsidering the zoonotic nature of SARS-CoV-2 and its potential for mutation into more virulent strains that can be transmissible to humans, the findings of this study have significant implications for public health and implementation of One Health strategies by policymakers, and highlight the need for robust SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in domestic animals to mitigate potential zoonotic risks.

Indexed as

COVID-19Dog DiseasesSARS-CoV-2AnimalsDogsNigeriaPetsPrevalenceDogsEndemicityNigeriaRapid diagnostic testRT-qPCRSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID40121457
PMCPMC11929258

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.