Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40121450›Full record

Trial reportCardiovascular diabetology2025

Eplerenone, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: findings from the EARLIER trial.

Masatake Kobayashi, Akira Yamashina, Kazuhiro Satomi, Masataka Watanabe, Ryu Takagi, Ayako Tezuka, Shin Ito, Masanori Asakura, Masafumi Kitakaze

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Masatake KobayashiDepartment of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. mkoba12@tokyo-med.ac.jp.
Akira YamashinaMiyabi Heart and Care Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuhiro SatomiDepartment of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Masataka WatanabeMiyabi Heart and Care Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
Ryu TakagiDepartment of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Ayako TezukaDepartment of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Shin ItoDepartment of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
Masanori AsakuraDepartment of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
Masafumi KitakazeDepartment of Clinical Research and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are often underutilized in patients with heart failure (HF), particularly those with diabetes and/or chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the impact of concurrent diabetes and CKD on the efficacy and safety of eplerenone in acute HF remains uncertain.

methodsThe EARLIER trial enrolled patients with acute HF, who were randomized to receive eplerenone or placebo for 6 months. Patients were categorized based on the presence of diabetes and/or CKD (defined by eGFR < 45 ml/min/1.73 m

resultsAmong 300 patients (mean age 67 ± 13 years; 73% male), 39% had diabetes, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 63 ± 18 ml/min/1.73 m

conclusionsIn patients with acute HF, the combination of diabetes and CKD was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, the efficacy and safety of eplerenone were not influenced by diabetes and CKD status.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusEplerenoneHeart FailureKidneyMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsRenal Insufficiency, ChronicAcute DiseaseAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient AdmissionEplerenoneMineralocorticoid Receptor AntagonistsAcute heart failureChronic kidney diseaseDiabetesEplerenoneMineralocorticoid receptor antagonistPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID40121450
PMCPMC11929252

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.