ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2025
Impact of growth on spinal biomechanics and tether force in VBT: a simulation study.
Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Analysis of tether breakages during revision after failed thoracolumbar double-row vertebral body tethering.Spine deformity · 2026Article
- Global evolution of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis research (1990-2025): a bibliometric and visualization analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeVertebral Body Tethering (VBT) allows correction of scoliosis while preserving the spinal mobility. Despite an increasing availability of data on clinical experience and surgical techniques, there is still a lack of knowledge on the underlying biomechanics, specifically when considered in combination with growth. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a growing flexible spine model to investigate spinal biomechanics after VBT surgery.
methodsA multi-body simulation approach was chosen. A growing, flexible thoracolumbar VBT spine model was developed to analyze the spinal biomechanics during various physiological movements and growth. The model includes a flexible spine with a VBT device and a musculoskeletal system. Therefore, the resulting tether tension and intervertebral compression force can be calculated with respect to the human anatomy and material properties of the VBT device.
resultsDuring growth, the tether and compression forces increase continuously with the highest forces between L1 and L2. The highest tether force is measured at 50° lateral bend at 200 N pre-tension. The compression forces in a tethered spine are during adolescence up to twice higher than in a healthy spine.
conclusionThe simulated biomechanical data provides insight into the forces exerted on the spine during various physiological movements and the remaining growth. They are consistent with previously published clinical data and underlie the finding that age at surgery or residual growth doesn't greatly affect tether forces. During growth, however, intervertebral compression forces increase.
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Registered trials
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