ArticlePediatric neurology2025
Differentiating Pathology of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis From Multiple Sclerosis in Children Using Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Biomarkers.
Article in Pediatric neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundTo investigate the pathologic differences in patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI).
methodsFifteen children with POMS and eight children with ADEM underwent DTI and DBSI. The comparison of DTI and DBSI diffusivity measures of POMS (31 scans) and ADEM (17 scans) was performed as group comparison and association over time.
resultsIn univariate analysis of average measures of DBSI and DTI over time, DBSI fractional anisotropy is lower in POMS than ADEM (P = 0.002), indicative of axonal injury of POMS. Higher DBSI fiber fraction (P = 0.046) and DBSI radial diffusivity (P = 0.016) but lower DBSI nonrestricted fraction (P = 0.005) in patients with POMS suggests higher axonal density, demyelination, and lower extra-axonal edema in POMS. However, there are no significant differences in DTI measures between POMS and ADEM over time.
conclusionDBSI may be useful to monitor and quantitatively compare coexisting axonal injury, demyelination, and inflammation in central nervous system white matter tracts in children with POMS and ADEM, overcoming the disadvantages of DTI. Larger prospective longitudinal studies are required to confirm these results.
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