Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40116974›Full record

Article3D printing in medicine2025

Conventional vs. 3D printed band and loop space maintainers: a fracture strength analysis.

Sakshi Metkar, Bhagyashree Thakur, Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum, Ali A Assiry, Khalid Alshamrani, Sudhir Rama Varma, Ajinkya M Pawar, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in 3D printing in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sakshi MetkarDepartment of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400008, India.
Bhagyashree ThakurDivision of District Early Intervention Centre, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Thane Civil Hospital, Thane, 400601, India.
Dian Agustin WahjuningrumDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya City, East Java, 60132, Indonesia.
Ali A AssiryPreventive Dental Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, 55461, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid AlshamraniPreventive Dental Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, 55461, Saudi Arabia.
Sudhir Rama VarmaDepartment of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India.
Ajinkya M PawarDepartment of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400008, India. ajinkya@drpawars.com.
Mohmed Isaqali KarobariDepartment of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India. dr.isaq@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-9695

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Premature loss of primary teeth is a common occurrence in pediatric dentistry and often necessitates the use of space maintainers to prevent complications. Traditional space maintainers, such as band and loop space maintainers (BLSM), have been widely used, but are fabricated using conventional methods. With advancements in technology, three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a promising alternative for fabricating dental appliances including space maintainers. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the fracture strengths of conventional band and loop space maintainers (C-BLSMs) fabricated using stainless steel with that of 3D printed BLSMs manufactured using additive manufacturing techniques. Fifteen C-BLSM and fifteen 3D printed BLSMs were fabricated and subjected to fracture-strength testing using a universal testing machine. The maximum occlusal bite force in the mixed dentition was determined based on established literature. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the mean fracture resistance between the two groups. The mean fracture resistance of the 3D printed BLSMs was significantly higher (308.53 N) than that of C-BLSMs (130.85 N). This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05), highlighting the superior mechanical properties of 3D printed BLSMs. Three-dimensional printing technology offers significant advantages in terms of fracture strength compared with conventional fabrication methods for BLSMs.

Indexed as

Band and loop space maintainerDentistryFracture strengthPremature tooth lossSpace maintainersThree-dimensional printing

Identifiers

PMID40116974
PMCPMC11927368

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.