Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40116690›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2025

Social functioning in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and the situation of caregivers.

Sophia Kraake, Melanie Luppa, Dorothee Saur, Jens Dietzel, Jan-Philipp Bach, Steffi G Riedel-Heller, Janine Stein

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sophia KraakeInstitute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0009-0006-5211-0836
Melanie LuppaInstitute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-3927-6728
Dorothee SaurDepartment of Neurology, Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-1808-0913
Jens DietzelDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Centre, Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0009-0004-4524-1606
Jan-Philipp BachMedical Practice for Neurology, Psychiatry, and Family Counseling, Gernsheim, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6432-6187
Steffi G Riedel-HellerInstitute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4321-6090
Janine SteinInstitute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2982-9747

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BackgroundChanges in social functioning may be a significant parameter for the early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, research on social functioning in AD across the entire spectrum of the disease is lacking.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe the social functioning of persons with AD at each stage of the disease and to investigate how impaired social functioning affects caregiver burden.MethodsCross-sectional data was derived from memory clinics across Germany as part of the pilot study "Social functioning in individuals with AD and the situation of caregivers". A total of N = 87 relatives providing care for individuals with mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 40), and severe (n = 23) AD were included. Social functioning of individuals with AD was measured via the caregiver-rated German version of the Social Functioning in Dementia Scale (SF-DEM); caregiver burden was assessed using the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI-12). Differences between mild, moderate, and severe AD in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and the level of social functioning were examined. A robust linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between social functioning and caregiver burden.ResultsSocial functioning was lower in moderate and severe AD than in mild AD. Higher levels of social functioning were associated with less caregiver burden.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of integrating social functioning assessments into clinical practice for improving the early detection, diagnosis and interventions for AD. Early interventions to enhance social functioning may diminish caregiver burden.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCaregiversAgedAged, 80 and overCost of IllnessCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsAlzheimer's diseasecaregiver burdengeriatricspsychometrics

Identifiers

PMID40116690
PMCPMC12231796

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.