Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40115885›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in human neuroscience2025

Efficacy and safety of brain-computer interface for stroke rehabilitation: an overview of systematic review.

Jiajun Liu, Yiwei Li, Dongjie Zhao, Lirong Zhong, Yan Wang, Man Hao, Jianxiong Ma

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. [Research advances in nerve transfer for upper limb function restoration: applications from peripheral nerve injury to central nervous system injury].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review of Recent Advances in Implantable Brain-Computer Interfaces for the Restoration of Motor Function in Patients With Paralysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Ethics of brain-computer interface in mental healthcare.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  11. Review
  12. [A motor imagery decoding study integrating differential attention with a multi-scale adaptive temporal convolutional network].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Brain-Computer Interfaces for Stroke Motor Rehabilitation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  15. Observational
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jiajun LiuTianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Yiwei LiThe Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Dongjie ZhaoClinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Lirong ZhongClinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Yan WangTianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Man HaoClinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Jianxiong MaTianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a major global health challenge that significantly influences public health. In stroke rehabilitation, brain-computer interfaces (BCI) offer distinct advantages over traditional training programs, including improved motor recovery and greater neuroplasticity. Here, we provide a first re-evaluation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to further explore the safety and clinical efficacy of BCI in stroke rehabilitation. Methods: A standardized search was conducted in major databases up to October 2024. We assessed the quality of the literature based on the following aspects: AMSTAR-2, PRISMA, publication year, study design, homogeneity, and publication bias. The data were subsequently visualized as radar plots, enabling a comprehensive and rigorous evaluation of the literature. Results: We initially identified 908 articles and, after removing duplicates, we screened titles and abstracts of 407 articles. A total of 18 studies satisfied inclusion criteria were included. The re-evaluation showed that the quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses concerning stroke BCI training is moderate, which can provide relatively good evidence. Conclusion: It has been proven that BCI-combined treatment can improve upper limb motor function and the quality of daily life for stroke patients, especially those in the subacute phase, demonstrating good safety. However, its effects on improving speech function, lower limb motor function, and long-term outcomes require further evidence. Multicenter, long-term follow-up studies are needed to increase the reliability of the results. Clinical Trial Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024562114, CRD42023407720.

Indexed as

brain–computer interfacemotor recoveryrehabilitation therapystrokeumbrella review

Identifiers

PMID40115885
PMCPMC11922947

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.