Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40115825›Full record

ArticleHardwareX2025

A portable low-cost polymerase chain reaction device.

Kan Luo, Wei Cheng, Yu Chen, Qirong Zhang, Chaobing Liang, Jianxing Li, Wu Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in HardwareX, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kan LuoSchool of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Wei ChengSchool of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Yu ChenFuzhou Industrial Integration Automation Technology Innovation Center, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Qirong ZhangSchool of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Chaobing LiangSchool of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Jianxing LiSchool of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China.
Wu WangCollege of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a cornerstone technique in molecular biology and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional PCR systems are often bulky and prohibitively expensive, limiting their use in resource-limited settings. In this work, we present a portable, low-cost PCR instrument designed to overcome these challenges while providing fast and accurate thermal cycling. The system features a compact four-well aluminum heating block integrated with a semiconductor thermoelectric cooler and a heated lid, all controlled via an Arduino UNO platform and a piecewise variable coefficient PID algorithm. The device achieves heating and cooling rates of 1.78 °C/s and 1.52 °C/s, respectively, and maintains temperature accuracy within ± 0.55 °C. The power-bank powered prototype measures 210 × 140 × 105 mm

Indexed as

ArduinoLow-costPID control algorithmPolymerase chain reaction (PCR)Temperature control

Identifiers

PMID40115825
PMCPMC11925593

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.