ArticleFrontiers in global women's health2025
Global burden, trends and inequalities of maternal hypertensive disorders among reproductive-age women of advanced maternal age, 1990-2021: a population-based study.
Article in Frontiers in global women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal disorders among women aged 15 to 49 years: global trends and inequalities from the GBD study 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national trends and burden of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy among women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2021.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Maternal hypertensive disorders (MHD) are leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among reproductive-age women of advanced maternal age (AMA), representing a significant global public health challenge. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the global trends, inequalities, and disparities in the burden of MHD among reproductive-age AMA women from 1990 to 2021. Methods: We conducted a population-based study using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study, covering 204 countries and territories. The study included women aged 35-49 years with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. We assessed age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of MHD among reproductive-age AMA women. Temporal trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression analysis, while health inequalities were measured using the concentration index and the slope index of inequality (SII). Results: Between 1990 and 2021, the global ASIR of MHD decreased from 568.10 (95% UI: 412.06-738.55) to 491.49 (95% UI: 368.78-619.84) per 100,000 population (AAPC: -0.46%, 95% CI: -0.54% to -0.38%), and ASDR declined from 2.57 (95% UI: 2.23-2.97) to 1.44 (95% UI: 1.19-1.76) per 100,000 population (AAPC: -1.83%, 95% CI: -1.99% to -1.67%). Substantial disparities persisted across socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, with high and high-middle SDI regions showing increasing incidence trends (AAPC: 2.36% and 1.45%, respectively). The slope index of inequality (SII) for ASIR improved from -3,052.73 (95% CI: -3,329.55 to -2,775.91) to -1,209.36 (95% CI: -1,393.12 to -1,025.61) per 100,000 women, while the SII for ASDR decreased from -11.29 (95% CI: -12.38 to -10.20) to -3.66 (95% CI: -4.13 to -3.20) deaths per 100,000 women. The concentration index for ASIR showed slight improvement (from -0.46 to -0.34), while ASDR inequality marginally worsened (from -0.62 to -0.66). Conclusion: Despite overall declines in MHD burden, significant disparities persist, particularly in low SDI regions. These findings highlight the need for targeted public health interventions to reduce inequalities, improve healthcare access, and enhance maternal outcomes for reproductive-age AMA women globally.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.