ArticleScientific reports2025
Gallic and glycyrrhetinic acids prevent azithromycin-induced liver damage in rats by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Curcumin as a therapeutic agent in liver cancer: a systematic review of preclinical models and mechanisms.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of Jinshui Liujun decoction on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacological insights into the antidiabetic potential ofToxicology reports · 2026Article
- Combination of kale-derived exosomes and dactolisib promotes apoptosis and modulates iron homeostasis in Hep3B hepatocellular carcinoma cells.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, the green tea polyphenol suppresses expression of CD31 and VEGFR2 and enhances the chemotherapeutic potential of irinotecan in AOM/DSS model of colorectal cancer in mice.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Dapagliflozin attenuates methotrexate-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats: insights into oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy and apoptosis.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Icariin-loaded liposomal nanoparticles alleviate streptozotocin-induced diabetic hepatopathy associated with modulation of ferroptosis-related and inflammatory signaling.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Enhanced antitumor efficacy of sulfasalazine and mesalazine in colorectal cancer through modulatory action of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Polyphenol-RichNutrients · 2026Article
- Morin attenuates vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity via Nrf-2/HO-1, SIRT1/PGC1α and AKT/FOXO1A pathways.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Syringaldehyde inhibits NFκB-mediated inflammation and apoptosis and activates Nrf2/HO-1 signaling to reduce HCl/ethanol-induced gastric injury.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Biosynthesis, characterization, and antiproliferative activity of gold nanoparticles synthesized using Artemisia chamaemelifolia extract against cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Rhizoma Paridis saponins in respiratory diseases: a narrative review of multi-target mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Naringenin attenuates amiodarone-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats via modulation of the SIRT1/NF-κB signalling pathway.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Melatonin-treated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes reverse liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in male wistar albino rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Araticum (Annona crassiflora) seed extract as a chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer: activation of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in a preclinical model.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Berberine enhances cisplatin efficacy in ehrlich ascites carcinoma via modulation of apoptotic pathway and efferocytosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The hepatoprotective role of piperazine ferulate against cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: insights into the Keap1/Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling and inflammatory pathways.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- MGAT5 regulates ferroptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy.Open life sciences · 2026Article
- Oroxylin A FromCanadian respiratory journal · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Natural products like gallic acid (GA), a phenolic compound, and glycyrrhetinic acid (GLA), a pentacyclic triterpene, have been shown to exhibit antioxidant, ant-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of GA, GLA and their combination and to explore their underlying mechanisms against acute liver damage induced by azithromycin (AZM) in rats. Seven groups of male Wistar rats were used namely control, GA, GLA, AZM, AZM + GA, AZM + GLA, and AZM + GA + GLA groups. We treated the rats for 21 days, administering GA and GLA at 50 mg/kg one week prior to AZM (30 mg/kg). Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in rats AZM-induced and pre-treated with of GA, GLA, and combination therapy were much lower than those in the AZM group Elevated levels of glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase in preventive rats demonstrated that GA, GLA, and their combinations notably reduced AZM-induced malondialdehyde levels, an oxidative stress marker, improving the antioxidant system in those groups. Furthermore, GA, GLA, and their combinations reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB), thus reversing hepatic inflammation. We also discovered that AZM down-regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and that its normal levels were restored post treatments with GA, GLA, and their combination suggesting a Nrf2 signaling pathway-mediated prevention of AZM-induced liver damage. In conclusion, GA, GLA, and their combination protected rats against AZM-induced liver injury through their demonstrated ability to lower oxidative stress and inflammation by preventing downregulation of Nrf2 and upregulation of NF-kB. After determining their efficacy and safety in clinical settings in future studies, GA and GLA could potentially make useful therapeutic drugs to mitigate AZM-induced hepatotoxicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.