ArticleNeurosurgery2025
High-Accuracy Augmented Reality Guidance for Intracranial Drain Placement Using a Standalone Head-Worn Navigation System: First-in-Human Results.
Article in Neurosurgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- A real-time metric for quantifying registration stability in mixed reality neurosurgical navigation.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026Article
- Augmented Reality in Navigated Surgery: A Systematic Review of Clinical Accuracy and System Performance.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Digital health · 2026Review
- Extended Reality in Neurosurgery : Surgical Planning, Navigation, Education, and Patient Communication.Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society · 2026Article
- Real-time augmented reality navigation in brain glioma resection: a pilot feasibility study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- External ventricular drainage in modern neurosurgical practice: optimization, standardization, and emerging guidance technologies.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesExternal ventricular drain (EVD) placement is often performed freehand, a technique subpar to accurate yet impractical image-guided methods, yielding optimal placement in only 70%. The aim of this study was to address shortcomings in EVD placement and image guidance technologies by implementing high-accuracy augmented reality (AR) guidance.
methodsWe conducted a prospective clinical pilot study to assess feasibility, safety, and clinical performance of EVD placement using a standalone AR headset equipped with high-accuracy inside-out infrared tracking and software addressing EVD placement. Placement quality was reported using a newly defined extended modified Kakarla scale, and dichotomized into clinically relevant outcome parameters. Results were compared with a nonconcurrent freehand control group using one-sided Fisher exact tests.
resultsEleven AR-guided EVD placements were performed, achieving functional placement in all cases on the first attempt, vs 7 (64%) in the control group ( P = .045); successful placement in 9 (82%) vs 5 (45%); optimal in 8 (73%) vs 3 (27%) ( P = .043); suboptimal in 2 (18%) vs 5 (45%); and failed in 0 vs 1 (9%). No AR-guided placements required revision, whereas the freehand group had a 36% reintervention rate ( P = .045). Procedure-related complications occurred in 2 AR-guided cases (18%), vs 5 (45%) freehand (all post-reintervention).
conclusionThis study presents the first clinical use case of EVD placement using high-accuracy AR guidance contained in a standalone head-worn navigation system. Safe and reliable outcomes using a validated pipeline were demonstrated, eliminating stick-and-poke attempts and resulting in improved quality, increased single attempt success rates, and reduced revision and complication rates. Based on these results, a multicenter randomized controlled trial will be initiated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.