ArticleEndocrinology2025
Sex and Time of Day Alter the Interactions Between Hypothalamic Glia and the Neural Circuits Controlling Reproduction.
Article in Endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- C-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CCL12) is a critical chemokine driving postoperative pain.Pain · 2026Article
- Effects of different protein sources on rumen fermentation-microbial characteristics, nutrient utilization, and fecal and urinary metabolites in periparturient breeding cows.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Sex and Time of Day Alter the Interactions Between Hypothalamic Glia and the Neural Circuits Controlling Reproduction.Endocrinology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
An upstream network, including glia and arcuate nucleus (ARC) kisspeptin neurons, controls hormone secretion from preoptic area (POA) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, which form the final common pathway for the central control of fertility. In males, chemogenetic activation of Gq-mediated signaling in POA glia activated GnRH neurons and downstream luteinizing hormone (LH) release, while chemogenetic activation of ARC glia had no effect on ARC kisspeptin neurons. We characterized sex differences and time-of-day effects in these critical circuits to understand their effects on reproduction. Chemogenetic activation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing cells increased intracellular calcium concentrations regardless of sex, brain region, or time of day. Activation of POA glia or treatment with the gliotransmitter analog dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (dmPGE2) increased GnRH neuron firing rate, and these responses were dependent upon sex and time of day. In contrast, ARC kisspeptin neuron firing rate was unresponsive to ARC glia activation or dmPGE2 regardless of sex or time of day. POA glial activation increased LH levels in males and females but the response in males was more rapid. ARC glia activation had no effect on LH in females and the response in males was delayed compared to POA glia activation. A similar LH response persisted after ARC kisspeptin neuron ablation, suggesting it is not mediated by those neurons. GnRH neurons, rather than arcuate kisspeptin neurons, are thus the main target of glial regulation of reproductive neuroendocrine output and this regulation is dependent on sex and time of day.
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Registered trials
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