Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40110096›Full record

ArticleHRB open research2024

Data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination in pregnancy on the island of Ireland: strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations for future pandemic preparedness.

Melissa Kelly, Joanne Given, Julie Arnott, Helen Dolk, Richard A Greene, Ali S Khashan, Seamus Leonard, Mairéad Madigan, Mary T O'Mahony, Maria Loane and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in HRB open research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Melissa KellyINFANT Research Centre, University College Cork School of Public Health, Cork, County Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3952-6053
Joanne GivenUlster University Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT15 1ED, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4921-1944
Julie ArnottUniversity College Cork School of Public Health, Cork, County Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.
Helen DolkSchool of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, BT48 7JL, UK.
Richard A GreeneNational Perinatal Epidemiology Centre, University College Cork, Cork, County Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-523X
Ali S KhashanINFANT Research Centre, University College Cork School of Public Health, Cork, County Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7499-9406
Seamus LeonardHSE National Immunisation Office, Dublin, D08 XW6R, Ireland.
Mairéad MadiganHealth Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, D01 A4A3, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2511-7201
Mary T O'MahonyDepartment of Public Health HSE-South, St Finbarr's Hospital, Cork, T12 XH60, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0574-7579
Maria LoaneUlster University Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT15 1ED, UK.
Gillian M MaherINFANT Research Centre, University College Cork School of Public Health, Cork, County Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6722-0484

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Monitoring coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and vaccination during pregnancy is vital because of the increased susceptibility to severe disease. This article outlines the available data sources on COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates during pregnancy in Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and describes the processes, strengths, and weaknesses of available data. Methods: Three data sources on COVID-19 vaccination and infection were identified in the ROI: the national computerized infectious disease reporting (CIDR) system used for reporting notifiable infectious diseases, the national dataset of all COVID-19 vaccinations for all residents (COVAX), and a regional Maternal and Newborn Clinical Management System (MN-CMS), which includes data on COVID-19 vaccination and infection. Four data sources were identified in NI: the NI maternity system (NIMATS) records maternity data, including COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy; datasets of COVID-19 antigen testing performed in hospitals (Pillar 1) and in the community (Pillar 2); and the NI Vaccine Management System dataset of COVID-19 Vaccinations. Results: In the ROI, the CIDR database allows for the calculation of COVID-19 infection rates in women of reproductive age; however, pregnancy status remains largely unreported. The COVAX dataset includes pregnancy status, although the accuracy depends on whether the pregnancy is known at the time of vaccination. The MN-CMS tracks COVID-19 infection and vaccination during pregnancy. However, there are uncertainties regarding its reliability. In NI, COVID-19 data are available for all pregnant women using Health and Care numbers to link the NIMATS data to testing and vaccination databases. Conclusions: Both countries track COVID-19 infection and vaccination rates, but the strength of the NI system is the use of unique identification numbers that allow linkage of maternal records to infection and vaccination databases. Both countries face delays in data access, underscoring the need for real-time systems to support future pandemic preparedness.

Indexed as

Administrative Health DataCOVID-19 infectionCOVID-19 VaccinesMaternal and child healthPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID40110096
PMCPMC11920687

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.