ArticleFrontiers in public health2025
Association between tobacco smoke exposure and constipation among American adults: a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Article
- Associations between maternal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and functional constipation in children at 3 and 4 years: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Dietary Patterns and Incident Chronic Constipation in Three Prospective Cohorts of Middle- and Older-Aged Adults.Gastroenterology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that there is a relationship between smoke exposure and constipation. However, there are limited data on the associations between constipation and smoking or serum cotinine levels, a metabolite of nicotine commonly used as a marker of tobacco exposure. Methods: This study thoroughly examined the cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2010. We applied multivariate logistic regression models to assess the association between tobacco smoking status, serum cotinine levels, and constipation. Results: In this cross-sectional study, 11,651 participants were included. The average age of the participants was 48.8 ± 17.9 years. After controlling for covariates, there was no significant relationship between serum cotinine levels, smoking status, and constipation risk. According to the categorical analysis, the incidence of constipation was 36% higher in participants with serum cotinine levels between 0.05 and 2.99 ng/mL (model 1: OR = 1.45 [1.13-1.85]; model 2: OR = 1.44 [1.12-1.83]; and model 3: OR = 1.36 [1.06-1.74]; Conclusion: The study suggests that serum cotinine levels have a promoting effect on stool frequency-related constipation in non-smokers. Therefore, avoiding passive smoking as much as possible may reduce the effect of smoke exposure on constipation and serve as a preventive measure for treatment.
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