Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40108989›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical investigation2025

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated interstitial pneumonia: A possible new clinical entity.

Claudia Iannone, Maria Rosa Pellico, Antonella Caminati, Maurizio Zompatori, Lisa Tescaro, Francesca Luisi, Davide Elia, Maria Rosa Mirenda, Matteo Colleoni, Roberto Cassandro and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of clinical investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Reply.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Claudia IannoneASST G. Pini-CTO. UOC Clinica Reumatologica, Milan, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5686-0127
Maria Rosa PellicoASST G. Pini-CTO. UOC Clinica Reumatologica, Milan, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1921-7370
Antonella CaminatiUO di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria Ed Emodinamica Polmonare, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Maurizio ZompatoriOperative Unit of Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Lisa TescaroDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Francesca LuisiUO di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria Ed Emodinamica Polmonare, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Davide EliaUO di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria Ed Emodinamica Polmonare, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Maria Rosa MirendaUO di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria Ed Emodinamica Polmonare, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Matteo ColleoniDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Roberto CassandroUO di Pneumologia e Terapia Semi-Intensiva Respiratoria - Servizio di Fisiopatologia Respiratoria Ed Emodinamica Polmonare, MultiMedica IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Sergio HarariDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Roberto Felice CaporaliASST G. Pini-CTO. UOC Clinica Reumatologica, Milan, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9300-6169

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), a hallmark of systemic vasculitis (SV), have been reported in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). However, the clinical significance of ANCA in IIP remains unclear.

methodsWe retrospectively studied 101 IP patients diagnosed by pneumologists as idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP,64) and IP with autoimmune features (IPAF,37). ANCA, anti-myeloperoxidase and anti-proteinase-3 were tested by immunofluorescence and ELISA. Chest HRCT patterns, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and the evolution to SV during a 12-month follow-up were assessed. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to assess the association of baseline covariates with SV. The proximity of patients with close characteristics was investigated by cluster analysis.

resultsTwenty-one patients (20.8%) were ANCA+, similarly distributed between IPAF and IIP. ANCA+ patients were more likely to have NSIP (p = .02) and bronchiectasis (p = .02) on HRCT, less impaired 6MWD (p = .02), higher CRP (p = .02) and more arthralgias (p < .001) than ANCA- patients. During follow-up, 9 (43%) p-ANCA+ patients, but no ANCA- patients, developed SV (p = .001). p-ANCA+ IP had 26.3 OR (95% CI 3.20-36.8) to evolve to SV within 12 months (p < .0001). Cluster analysis identified one group of 25 patients with significantly higher baseline NSIP (88%), p-ANCA+ (48%), arthralgias (32%), and SV (24%) at 12 months. Nevertheless, 12 p-ANCA+ IP patients never developed SV.

conclusionsANCA+ IP patients had a high risk of developing SV and need close monitoring and prompt immunotherapy. ANCA+ IP patients not evolving to SV had a diagnosis of IIP or IPAF. These patients need longer observational studies to investigate if they represent a distinct ILD entity.

Indexed as

Antibodies, Antineutrophil CytoplasmicIdiopathic Interstitial PneumoniasLung Diseases, InterstitialAdultAgedBronchiectasisCluster AnalysisFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyeloblastinPeroxidaseRespiratory Function TestsRetrospective StudiesTomography, X-Ray ComputedAntibodies, Antineutrophil CytoplasmicMyeloblastinPeroxidaseANCAinterstitial lung diseasesystemic vasculitis

Identifiers

PMID40108989
PMCPMC12169070

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.