Observational studyAlcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)2025
Individual differences in punished alcohol self-administration are unaltered by alcohol vapor exposure.
Observational study in Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cued unpredictable intermittent access exacerbates loss of control over ethanol drinking.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Cued unpredictable intermittent access exacerbates loss of control over ethanol drinking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Individual differences in ethanol drinking meal structure are shaped by social environments.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Prelimbic cortex, but not its nucleus reuniens projections, regulates punished alcohol self-administration.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Contributions of testosterone to excessive alcohol drinking in males: Potential role for interactions with the HPA axis.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Continued alcohol use despite negative consequences is a defining feature of alcohol use disorder (AUD). It remains poorly understood whether individual variability in drinking despite negative consequences is due to inherent differences or emerges after prolonged alcohol use. The goal of the present study was to use a rat model of drinking despite negative consequences to assess individual differences in foot shock-punished alcohol self-administration prior to and following alcohol vapor exposure in male Wistar rats. After baseline operant self-administration was established, rats underwent additional self-administration sessions in which random, response-contingent foot shock punishment was introduced. Average percent change from baseline was calculated for each rat during punished sessions and rats were classified into shock-sensitive (SS) and shock-resistant (SR) subgroups using the top and bottom thirds. Rats then underwent 3 cycles of air or alcohol vapor exposure every other week, with unpunished self-administration sessions occurring during the intervening weeks. Following the last vapor cycle, rats were re-assessed for resistance to foot shock during punished self-administration sessions. Alcohol vapor exposure had no effect on punished self-administration overall, nor by subgroup. Examination of individual differences showed that rats classified as SR showed increased unpunished self-administration relative to baseline regardless of air vs. vapor condition. These data suggest that alcohol history has a minimal effect on individual differences in foot shock-punished self-administration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.