ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Androgen receptors in corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons mediate the sexual dimorphism in restraint-induced thymic atrophy.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acute Stress Drives Adaptive Anxiety via Excitatory-Inhibitory Imbalance in the Prefrontal-Amygdala Circuit in Male Mice.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Nocturnal Dim Blue Light Is Associated with Splenic Immune Dysregulation and Altered CORT-GR Signalling in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Acute Stress Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Hypothalamic CRH Neuron-Induced HPA Axis Activation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- CRH neurons in the AM-ACC circuit drive chronic pain and anxiety comorbidity.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Sex differences in immune cells: mechanistic perspectives and clinical correlates in physiology and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Pre-Transport Salt Baths Mitigate Physiological Stress and Tissue Damage in Channel Catfish (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Premature immunosenescence in AYA gastrointestinal cancer: The metabolic-inflammatory-hormonal axis as an integrative framework: A systematic review.Medicine internationalArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in immune responses is well documented, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified a subset of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons that express androgen receptors (ARs) as key mediators of sex differences in restraint-induced immunosuppression. Mechanistically, androgens directly activate AR-positive CRH neurons, enhancing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation. This results in elevated corticosterone levels in response to restraint stress, leading to increased immune cell apoptosis and immune organ atrophy in male mice. Conditional knockout of ARs in CRH neurons eliminated this sexual dimorphism, highlighting ARs in CRH neurons as pivotal regulators of sex-specific immune responses to stress.
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