Observational studyJournal of general internal medicine2025
Central Nervous System-Active Medication Use in Older Adults With and Without Dementia-A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Observational study in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- CNS-active medication use and adverse health outcomes among Thai older adults: a population-based retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
importanceCentral nervous system (CNS)-active medication use is common in older adults; however, there are limited data on utilization trends over time, differences in utilization amongst those with and without dementia, and modification of utilization surrounding dementia diagnosis.
objectiveTo evaluate CNS-active medication trends in US older adults with and without dementia over 13 years, including evaluation of changes in utilization before and after dementia diagnosis.
designRetrospective observational cohort study using de-identified administrative claims data.
participantsOlder adult (age ≥ 65 years) commercial and Medicare Advantage enrollees with continuous medical and pharmacy coverage for at least one calendar year from 2010 through 2022. MAIN MEASURES: (1) Annual probability of receiving CNS-active medications; (2) changes in medication use with dementia diagnosis. KEY
resultsIn total, 6,062,601 enrollees were included; 682,833 (11.3%) with dementia and 5,379,768 (88.7%) without. CNS-active medication use was highest in those with dementia throughout the study time period. Opioid utilization in those with and without dementia was 36.1% and 29.6% in 2010, decreasing to 24.3% and 22.2%, respectively, in 2022. Antidepressant use increased over time (i.e., 45.2 to 52.0% dementia; 15.8 to 24.6% without). Antipsychotic use in those with dementia was 18.1% in 2010, decreased to 15.9% in 2016, and increased back to 18.0% in 2022. A total of 444,587 enrollees experienced incident dementia diagnosis. There were immediate increases in antipsychotic (0.9% [0.5, 1.4] absolute increase, p < 0.001) and antidepressant (4.0% [3.3, 4.6] absolute increase, p < 0.001) use in the month following diagnosis. Increased use of these medications peaked 3-5 years after diagnosis. Dementia diagnosis was associated with decreased slopes of opioid (- 0.2% [- 0.3, - 0.1], p < 0.001) and benzodiazepine (- 0.07% [- 0.11, - 0.03], p < 0.001) use.
conclusionsCNS-active medication use is higher in older adults with dementia when compared to those without dementia. Incident dementia diagnosis is accompanied by marked increases in the use of antidepressants and antipsychotics.
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