Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40106078›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of health economics and management2025

Physicians' incentives, patients' characteristics, and quality of care: a systematic experimental comparison of performance-pay systems.

Jeannette Brosig-Koch, Mona Groß, Heike Hennig-Schmidt, Nadja Kairies-Schwarz, Daniel Wiesen

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of health economics and management, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jeannette Brosig-KochFaculty of Economics and Management, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Mona GroßDepartment of Health Care Management, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Heike Hennig-SchmidtDepartment of Economics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Nadja Kairies-SchwarzInstitute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Medical Faculty and German Diabetes Center Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. Nadja.Kairies-Schwarz@uni-duesseldorf.de.
Daniel WiesenDepartment of Health Care Management, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Funding

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 01 EH1602ADeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft BR 2346/2-1/2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

How performance pay affects physicians' medical service provision and the quality of care is relevant for researchers and policy-makers alike. This paper systematically studies how performance pay, complementing either fee-for-service or capitation, affects physicians' medical service provision and the quality of care for heterogeneous patients. Using a series of controlled behavioral experiments with physicians and students, we test the incentive effect of performance pay at a within-subject level. We consider a performance pay scheme which grants a discrete bonus if a quality threshold is reached, which varies with the patients' severity of illness. We find that performance pay significantly reduces non-optimal service provision and enhances the quality of care. Effect sizes depend on the patients' severity of illness and whether performance pay is blended with fee-for-service or capitation. Health policy implications, including a cost benefit analysis of introducing performance pay, are discussed.

Indexed as

MotivationPhysician Incentive PlansPhysiciansQuality of Health CareReimbursement, IncentiveAdultFee-for-Service PlansFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedCapitationFee-for-serviceHeterogeneous patientsLaboratory experimentPay for performanceTreatment quality

Identifiers

PMID40106078
PMCPMC12360989

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.