ArticleOtolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery2025
Physical Features Contributing to Gender Dysphoria: The Role of Voice.
Article in Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Facial Gender-Confirmation Surgery: A Systematic Mapping Review of Surgical Growth and Outcome Gaps.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Puberty suppression and sexual well-being in transgender and gender-diverse individuals: evidence- and experience-based counselling and future research directions.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- The Clinical and Surgical Landscape of Gender Affirming Vocal Care: A Scoping Review.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Review
- Gender-Affirming Feminization Voice Surgery: A Scoping Review of Preoperative Assessments.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Gender identity impacts the perception of vocal congruence.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Article
- From internal echoes to sharing experiences: transformative learning with voice apps to enhance transgender care literacy in medical students.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveFeatures that cause gender incongruence (gender identity not aligning with assumptions based on sex assigned at birth) in transgender individuals often motivate them to seek out gender-affirming treatments. Voice has rarely been included as a major contributor to gender dysphoria. The primary objective of this study is to understand the significance of dysphoria related to voice compared to dysphoria secondary to other features. STUDY
designProspective population-based survey study.
settingSocial media.
methodsThe survey requested a ranking of features that contribute to gender dysphoria, whether the features were bothersome due to external or internal perception, and self-reported ideal order for pursuing gender-affirming treatments. The categories of features that were ranked included upper body, lower body, face, neck, voice, and height.
resultsIn total, 79% of respondents experience gender incongruence secondary to their voice. Voice was the second most important feature contributing to gender dysphoria, only after upper body. In transgender men (29.4%) and transgender women (25%), voice was both the second most important feature contributing to gender dysphoria and the second most important intervention to alleviate gender dysphoria. Specifically, vocal incongruence is largely due to perception by others, as opposed to lower body which contributes to incongruence due to perception by self.
conclusionVoice is the second most common contributor to gender dysphoria after upper body. Due to self-rated importance of voice to gender incongruence, health care providers must be aware that voice interventions are critical to improve gender dysphoria experienced by transgender individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.