ReviewCureus2025
Impact of Ketamine and Propofol on Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rapid Improvement in Consciousness After Low-Dose Ketamine in a Patient With Acute Confusion: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Superior neuroprotective effect of ciprofol over propofol in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anesthesia has been thought to impact cognitive function in the elderly, although the exact pathophysiology remains uncertain. This systematic review aimed to analyze the impact of ketamine and propofol on cognitive function in elderly patients. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Europe PMC, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EBSCO Open Dissertations on November 17, 2024. After screening, the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias-2 Tool and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Studies were included if they focused on patients aged 60 and older, encompassing 3,149 participants across 19 studies, predominantly randomized controlled trials. Key outcomes assessed included postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium (POD). Results indicated that many studies found no significant differences in cognitive outcomes between certain anesthetic drugs. However, ketamine was likely associated with an increased risk of POCD, similar to propofol, when compared to remimazolam and dexmedetomidine. Notably, ketofol reduced POD incidence compared to placebo, while higher propofol doses were linked to an increased incidence, and severity of hypoactive POD. The most evident finding was that propofol attenuated POCD compared to inhaled anesthetic agents. Given this, it is crucial for clinicians to carefully consider anesthetic choices for elderly patients. Future research should focus on larger multicenter trials to further validate these results and explore the long-term cognitive effects of various anesthetic agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.