Exploring knowledge and consequences of parental misuse of antibiotics for children.

Objectives: The increasing practice of antibiotic use in children without proper guidance, driven by easy availability of medications and limited understanding of the risks, is a significant health concern. The aim of this study was to understand the knowledge and consequences of parental misuse of antibiotics for children. Methods: This is a community-based cross-sectional study served by the Urban Health Training Center of Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, involving 173 parents of children younger than 12 years over a 12-month period. Participants were selected through simple random sampling and were interviewed using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using logistic regression and expressed in terms of both counts and percentages along with odd ratios and confidence intervals. Result: Of the total, 70 parents (40.46%) were aware of the consequences of antibiotic misuse. Mothers, parents aged 40 years and older, and those having secondary/higher secondary education normally stopped giving antibiotics when their child started feeling better, whereas parents younger than 30 years, doing service, and having a family member working in medical field were seen keeping antibiotic stock at home for later use. Participants were confused whether antibiotic effectiveness is reduced if a full course of antibiotics is not completed. Allergic reaction was the consequence known by most of the parents. Cough/cold was the major reason for antibiotic use in children without medical supervision. Most parents typically wait 1-2 days before beginning antibiotics. Minor illness was the leading reason for improper antibiotic use. Conclusion: It is crucial to launch extensive campaigns to inform parents about the dangers of antibiotic misuse, including the risks of resistance and potential side effects, especially for those who practice over-the-counter antibiotic use in children.