Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40102997›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2025

The role of athletic mental energy in the occurrence of flow state in male football (soccer) players.

Yunus Emre Yarayan, Alexios Batrakoulis, Nuri Berk Güngör, Serkan Kurtipek, Kadir Keskin, Okan Burçak Çelik, Doğukan Batur Alp Gülşen, Gerasimos V Grivas, Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Nouf H Alkhamees and 2 more

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Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yunus Emre YarayanDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey.
Alexios BatrakoulisDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece. abatrakoulis@uth.gr.
Nuri Berk GüngörDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
Serkan KurtipekDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Kadir KeskinDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Okan Burçak ÇelikDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Doğukan Batur Alp GülşenDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Gerasimos V GrivasPhysical Education and Sports, Division of Humanities and Political Sciences, Hellenic Naval Academy, Piraeus, Greece.
Sameer Badri Al-MhannaDepartment of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Nouf H AlkhameesDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Bodor Bin SheehaDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah F AlghannamLifestyle & Health Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia PNURSP2024R309
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study examines the determinant role of athletic mental energy on the flow state in professional football (soccer) players. This research fills an important gap in the sports psychology literature by focusing on the interaction between mental energy and flow, a critical component of optimal performance.

methodsAccordingly, 254 male athletes (Mean age = 23.1 ± 5.4 years) voluntarily participated in the study. This study was designed with the relational survey model, one of the quantitative research models. Athletic Mental Energy Scale and Dispositional Flow State Scale-2 were used as data collection tools. After confirming the validity and reliability of the scales, the data were analyzed. In this study, blank data were first evaluated to check the suitability of the analysis and assumptions. After the structure of the scales was verified, firstly, when the skewness kurtosis values for the normality test were examined, it was deter-mined that the data were suitable for normal distribution as the values were between - 1.5 and + 1.5 and the Q-Q graph did not show deviations from the distribution. In this context, Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relationship between athletic mental energy and flow state, and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was used to determine the determinant role of mental energy. Mental energy significantly predicted the flow state (β = 0.81, p < 0.05), and the SEM results indicated a good model fit (χ²/df = 2.96, RMSEA = 0.08, GFI = 0.89, CFI = 0.90).

resultsWhen the findings obtained from the research were analyzed, it was determined that athletic mental energy was a determinant of flow and contributed to 66% of the variance.

conclusionAs a result, it supports that athletes' mental energy levels play an important role in their performance and contribute to the increase of optimal performance mood. These findings suggest that coaches and sports psychologists should focus on strategies to enhance athletes' mental energy levels, such as incorporating mental skills training into their routines. The study emphasizes the importance of athletes' ability to manage their mental energy levels and the development of strategies to increase optimal performance mood. By providing evidence for the link between mental energy and flow, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of performance optimization in professional sports.

Indexed as

Athletric focusMental resiliencePhychological performanceSport cognition

Identifiers

PMID40102997
PMCPMC11917021

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.