ArticleBMC oral health2025
Simvastatin modulates osteogenic differentiation in Stem Cells isolated from Apical Papilla.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stem cell-driven biomedical technologies for tooth regeneration: engineering scaffolds, organoid models, and molecular targeted strategies.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- Simvastatin Enhances Stem Cell Osteogenesis and Reduces Peri-Implant Bone Loss: An In Vitro and a Randomized Clinical Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Design and Development of an Injectable Thermoresponsive Hydrogel for Controlled Simvastatin Release in Bone Repair Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Effect of Simvastatin on Odontoblastic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells: An In Vitro Study.Dentistry journal · 2025Article
- Physical and drug- releasing properties of a cement containing simvastatin (SimCeram).BMC oral health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSimvastatin modulates numerous stem cell functions, including stemness maintenance and differentiation. The present study aimed to explore the effect of simvastatin on the osteogenic differentiation of Stem Cells isolated from Apical Papilla (SCAPs) in vitro.
methodsCells were isolated from apical papilla, and mesenchymal stem cell features were characterised. Cells were treated with various concentrations of simvastatin (100-1,000 nM). The mRNA expression profile of simvastatin-treated SCAPs was examined using RNA sequencing technique. The osteogenic differentiation abilities were assessed. Alkaline phosphatase activity was determined. The mineralisation was visualised using Alizarin Red S and Von Kossa staining. The osteogenic marker gene expression was determined using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
resultsRNA sequencing data demonstrated that simvastatin upregulated genes enriched in those pathways involving osteogenic differentiation, including the TGF-β signalling pathway, FoxO signalling pathway, and MAPK signalling pathway, while the downregulated genes were involved in pathways related to cell proliferation and apoptosis, for example, DNA replication, cell cycle, and p53 signalling pathway. Simvastatin promoted mineral deposition in a dose-dependent manner, corresponding with the upregulation of osteogenic marker genes namely OSX, DMP1, DSPP, and OCN. Pretreatment with TGF-β receptor inhibitor, SB431542, resulted in a moderately attenuated effect on simvastatin-induced mineralisation and osteogenic marker gene expression.
conclusionsSimvastatin enhances osteogenic differentiation in SCAPs, potentially via TGF-β signalling, implicating its potential role as an adjunctive molecule in dental pulp healing and regeneration in vital pulp treatment approaches.
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